(The increase in the internal energy of a system is equal to the amount of energy added by heating the system, minus the amount lost as a result of the work done by the system on its surroundings.)
Goldstein, Martin, and Inge F. (1993). The Refrigerator and the Universe. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-75325-9. OCLC 32826343. Chpts. 2 and 3 contain a nontechnical treatment of the First Law.
Çengel Y.A. and Boles M. (2007). "Thermodynamics: an engineering approach". McGraw-Hill Higher Education. ISBN 0-07-125771-3. Chapter 2.
Atkins P. (2007). "Four Laws that drive the Universe". OUP Oxford. ISBN 0-19-923236-9.
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