↑ "Egypt - The Mamluks, 1250-1517". countrystudies.us. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-11-13.
↑ Setton, Kenneth M. (1969). The Later Crusades, 1189-1311. Wisconsin, USA: Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. 757. ISBN978-0-299-04844-0.
↑ Levanoni 1995, p. 17.
↑ Hillenbrand, Carole (2007). Turkish Myth and Muslim Symbol: The Battle of Manzikert. Edinburg: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 164–165. ISBN9780748625727.
Perry, Glenn E. (2004). The History of Egypt. ABC-CLIO. pp. 51–52. ISBN9780313058424.
B. Paksoy, Central Asian Monuments, p. 32,
Mikaberidze, Alexander. "The Georgian Mameluks in Egypt".
Isichei, Elizabeth (1997). A History of African Societies to 1870. Cambridge University Press. pp. 192.
Jane Hathaway, The Politics of Households in Ottoman Egypt: The Rise of the Qazdaglis. Cambridge University Press, 1997, p. 104, Online
İslam Ansiklopedisi, Volume: 24, Page: 442, Online
ตุลาคม 01, 2021
ฐส, ลต, านม, มล, ไคโร, ฐส, ลต, านม, มล, อาหร, سلطنة, المماليك, เป, นร, ฐส, ลต, านท, ปกครอง, แผ, นด, นอ, ปต, งแต, 1250, 1517, โดยปกครองต, อจากร, ฐส, ลต, านอ, ยย, ดท, กโค, นล, อมาภายหล, งร, ฐส, ลต, านม, มล, กก, กจ, กรวรรด, ออตโตม, นโค, นล, มใน, 1517, และม, การสถ. rthsultanmmluk xahrb سلطنة المماليك epnrthsultanthipkkhrxng aephndinxiyipttngaet kh s 1250 1517 odypkkhrxngtxcakrthsultanxyyubidthithukokhnlm txmaphayhlngrthsultanmmlukkthukckrwrrdixxtotmnokhnlmin kh s 1517 aelamikarsthapnaexyaeltxiyipt 4 5 6 7 8 4 5 6 7 8 rthsultanmmlukسلطنة المماليك Salṭanat al Mamalik1250 1517thngchatiemuxnghlwngikhorphasathwipphasaxahrb 1 Cuman Kipchak 1 Circassian 2 sasnasasnaxislamnikaysunniy sasnaxislamnikaychixah sasnakhrist chnklumnxy karpkkhrxngrthsultanphayitphrarachphithi rthekhaalifah 3 ekhaalifah 1261Al Mustansir phraxngkhaerk 1262 1302Al Hakim I 1406 1414Abu al Faḍl Al Musta in 1508 1516Al Mutawakkil III phraxngkhsudthay sultan 1250Shajar ad Durr phraxngkhaerk 1250 1257Izz al Din Aybak 1260 1277ibbars 1516 1517tumn ebythi 2 phraxngkhsudthay prawtisastr Murder of Turanshah2 phvsphakhm 1250 sngkhramxxtotmn mmlukkhrngthi 21516 22 mkrakhm 1517kxnhna thdiprthekhaalifahxbbasiyahrthsultanxyyubidKingdom of JerusalemPrincipality of AntiochCounty of TripoliKingdom of Makuriarachxanackrsiliechiy ckrwrrdixxtotmn exyaeltdamsks exyaeltxiyiptrthsultanmmlkmathungcudsungsudphayitkarpkkhrxngkhxngetirkthimiwthnthrrmxahrbaelacaknnktkxyuinchwngkaresuxmthxythiyawnanphayitklumesxraekhsesiyn aehlngkaenidthaskhxngcxreciykhnathimmlukthuksuxsthanakhxngphwkekhakehnuxkwathasthwipthiimidrbxnuyatihphkxawuthhruxthanganbangxyang mmlukidrbkarykyxngwaepn lxrdthiaethcring odymisthanathangsngkhmehnuxphlemuxngkhxngxiyipt aemwamncaldlnginchwngplaykhxngkardarngxyuthikhwamsungsultanepntwaethnkhxngsudyxdaehngkhwamrungorcnkhxngxiyiptaelaliaewntthangkaremuxngesrsthkicaelawthnthrrminyukhthxngxislam 9 10 11 12 13 14 prawtisastr aekikhdubthkhwamhlkthi mmluk swnnirxephimetimkhxmul khunsamarthchwyephimkhxmulswnniidduephim aekikhprawtisastrxiyipt rayphranamsultanmmlukxangxing aekikh 1 0 1 1 Rabbat 2001 p 69 Fischel 1967 p 72 xangxingphidphlad payrabu lt ref gt imthuktxng immikarkahndkhxkhwamsahrbxangxingchux Stilt30 1 4 0 4 1 Mamluk Islamic dynasty Encyclopaedia Britannica subkhnemux 2015 11 13 5 0 5 1 Egypt The Mamluks 1250 1517 countrystudies us subkhnemux 2015 11 13 6 0 6 1 Setton Kenneth M 1969 The Later Crusades 1189 1311 Wisconsin USA Univ of Wisconsin Press p 757 ISBN 978 0 299 04844 0 7 0 7 1 Levanoni 1995 p 17 8 0 8 1 Hillenbrand Carole 2007 Turkish Myth and Muslim Symbol The Battle of Manzikert Edinburg Edinburgh University Press pp 164 165 ISBN 9780748625727 Perry Glenn E 2004 The History of Egypt ABC CLIO pp 51 52 ISBN 9780313058424 B Paksoy Central Asian Monuments p 32 Mikaberidze Alexander The Georgian Mameluks in Egypt Isichei Elizabeth 1997 A History of African Societies to 1870 Cambridge University Press pp 192 Jane Hathaway The Politics of Households in Ottoman Egypt The Rise of the Qazdaglis Cambridge University Press 1997 p 104 Online Islam Ansiklopedisi Volume 24 Page 442 Onlineekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title rthsultanmmluk ikhor amp oldid 9248372, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,