คำอธิบายRed lacquer tray with gold engraving, Song Dynasty.jpg
A Chinese red lacquer tray over wood with engraved golden foil, from the Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD), dated 12th to early 13th century. As the Freer and Sackler Galleries museum description states, in China the gold-engraving technique is called qiangjin. The museum caption states that this method has existed since roughly the 3rd century AD, although it was not until the Song Dynasty era that gold engravings were found on luxury lacquerwares. After a wooden tray was covered with multiple layers of cinnabar-colored lacquer, fine lines were then incised into the new surface. These incisions were then filled with an adhesive of clear lacquer, followed by the pressing of gold foil into the grooves. The two long-tailed birds and a peony plant depicted in this tray are symbolic of longevity and prosperity in Chinese culture, since the Chinese word for "long life" (shou) sounds similar to the words for long-tailed birds (dai shou).
In his book Han Civilization (1982, New Haven: Yale University Press), Wang Zhongshu would firmly disagree with the Freer and Sackler Gallery Museum description about the date of the oldest lacquerware luxury goods using the incising and gold foil technique, which he says was called pingtuo. From an ancient Han Dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) tomb at Guanghua in Hubei province, archaeologists discovered lacquerwares having "incised tiger, hare, bird, and other animal and cloud-scroll designs were filled in with gold so that they resemble the gold- and silver-inlaid decorations on bronzes...Individual motifs were cut out from thin sheets of gold or silver and attached to the lacquered surface of the vessel, resembling what was later known as pingtuo" (Page 82).
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Self-made at the Freer and Sackler Galleries, Washington D.C.
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{{Information |Description=A Chinese red lacquer tray over wood with engraved golden foil, from the Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD), dated 12th to early 13th century. In China, the gold-engraving technique is called ''qiangjin''. It has existed since rou
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description states in China the gold engraving technique is called qiangjin The museum caption states that this method has existed since roughly the 3rd century AD although it was not until the Song Dynasty era that gold engravings were found on luxury lacquerwares After a wooden tray was covered with multiple layers of cinnabar colored lacquer fine lines were then incised into the new surface These incisions were then filled with an adhesive of clear lacquer followed by the pressing of gold foil into the grooves The two long tailed birds and a peony plant depicted in this tray are symbolic of longevity and prosperity in Chinese culture since the Chinese word for long life shou sounds similar to the words for long tailed birds dai shou In his book Han Civilization 1982 New Haven Yale University Press Wang Zhongshu would firmly disagree with the Freer and Sackler Gallery Museum description about the date of the oldest lacquerware luxury goods using the incising and gold foil technique which he says was called pingtuo From an ancient Han Dynasty 202 BC 220 AD tomb at Guanghua in Hubei province archaeologists discovered lacquerwares having incised tiger hare bird and other animal and cloud scroll designs were filled in with gold so that they resemble the gold and silver inlaid decorations on bronzes Individual motifs were cut out from thin sheets of gold or silver and attached to the lacquered surface of the vessel resembling what was later known as pingtuo Page 82 wnthi 29 mithunayn ph s 2551 aehlngthima Self made at the Freer and Sackler Galleries Washington D C phusrangsrrkh User PericlesofAthens ewxrchnxun Non edited photo This image was improved or created by the Wikigraphists of the Graphic Lab fr nbsp You can propose images to clean up improve create or translate as well karxnuyatichsiththi khapheca inthanaphuthuxlikhsiththikhxngphaphhruxsuxni xnuyatihichphaphhruxsuxniphayitenguxnikhtxipni xnuyatihkhdlxk aeckcayaela hruxddaeprexksarniphayitenguxnikhkhxngsyyaxnuyatexksaresrikhxngknu run 1 2 hruxrunid nbcaknithixxkodymulnithisxftaewresri odyimmiswnidhamaekikh immikhxkhwampkhnaaelapkhlng saenakhxngsyyaxnuyatrwmxyuinswnchux syyaxnuyatexksaresrikhxngknuhttp www gnu org copyleft fdl html GFDL GNU Free Documentation License true trueThis file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 4 0 International 3 0 Unported 2 5 Generic 2 0 Generic and 1 0 Generic license khunsamarth thicaaebngpn thicathasaena aeckcay aelasngngandngklawtxip thicaeriyberiyngihm thicaddaeplngngandngklaw phayitenguxnikhtxipni aesdngthima khuntxngihekiyrtiecakhxngnganxyangehmaasm odyephimlingkipyngsyyaxnuyat aelarabuhakmikarepliynaeplng khunxacthaechnniidinrupaebbidkidtamkhwr aettxngimichinlksnathiaenawaphuihxnuyatsnbsnunkhunhruxkarichngankhxngkhun xnuyataebbediywkn hakkhunddaeplng epliynrup hruxtxetimnganni khuntxngichsyyaxnuyataebbediywknhruxaebbthiehmuxnkbsyyaxnuyatthiichkbnganniethannhttps creativecommons org licenses by sa 4 0 CC BY SA 4 0 Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 4 0 true truekhunsamartheluxksyyaxnuyatdngklawtamtxngkarkhabrryayodyyxithyephimkhabrryaythrrthdediywephuxkhyaykhwamwaiflnimixairixethmthiaesdngxyuiniflniprakxbdwysthanalikhsiththimilikhsiththisyyaxnuyatCreative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4 0 International nbsp xngkvsGNU Free Documentation License version 1 2 or later nbsp xngkvsCreative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3 0 Unported nbsp xngkvsCreative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 Generic nbsp xngkvsCreative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 1 0 Generic nbsp xngkvsCreative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2 5 Generic nbsp xngkvswnthisrang wnkxtng29 mithunayn 2008 prawtiifl khlikwnthi ewlaephuxduiflthipraktinkhnann wnthi ewlarupyxkhnadphuichkhwamehn pccubn16 43 18 knyayn 25512 060 1 952 2 2 emkaibt Yugimage improvements 02 33 1 krkdakhm 25513 072 2 304 3 34 emkaibt PericlesofAthens Information Description A Chinese red lacquer tray over wood with engraved golden foil from the Song Dynasty 960 1279 AD dated 12th to early 13th century In China the gold engraving technique is called 039 039 qiangjin 039 039 It has existed since rou hnathimiphaphni hnatxipni oyngmathiphaphni obtn phrrnim karichiflswnklang wikixuntxipniichiflni karichbn bo wikipedia org ཤ ང པད མ karichbn en wikipedia org Peony User PericlesofAthens Gallery User Tom Hulse draft Peony History of red karichbn fi wikipedia org Kayttaja Fiwiki tools bot kuvattomat 15 karichbn fr wikipedia org Dynastie Song Wikipedia Atelier graphique Images a ameliorer Archives Septembre 2008 karichbn id wikipedia org Dinasti Song karichbn is wikipedia org Bondaros karichbn it wikipedia org Dinastia Song karichbn ml wikipedia org പ യ ന karichbn nl wikipedia org Gebruiker Sitethief Lijst van Chinese uitvindingen karichbn pl wikipedia org Dynastia Song Wikipedysta Felis domestica Song karichbn ro wikipedia org Dinastia Song karichbn ru wikipedia org Spisok izobretenij sdelannyh v Kitae karichbn sk wikipedia org Urusi karichbn uk wikipedia org Lakovi virobi Kitayu karichbn vi wikipedia org Nha Tống karichbn zh wikipedia org 中国史前发明列表 User YIFAN ZHAO 沙盒khxmulekiywkbphaph phaphnimikhxmulephimetim sungswnihymacakklxngdicitxlhruxsaeknenxrthisamarthekbkhxmuldngklawiwrwmkbphaphid thaphaphnithukprbprungaekikhhruxepliynaeplngcakedim khxmulbangxyangcayngkhngimepliynaeplngehmuxnphaphthithukprbprungaekikhnn error0 ekhathungcak https th wikipedia org wiki ifl Red lacquer tray with gold engraving Song Dynasty jpg, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
