Chamberlin, R. V. & W. Ivie. 1935. The black widow spider and its varieties in the United States. Bull. Univ. Utah25(8): 1-29. [15, f. 1, 4, 6-14, 21, 23-33]
Andrade, Maydianne C. B. (5 January 1996). "Sexual Selection for Male Sacrifice in the Australian Redback Spider". Science. 271 (5245): 70–2. Bibcode:1996Sci...271...70A. doi:10.1126/science.271.5245.70. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-01-15.
Minus, A. 2001. "Latrodectus hesperus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed March 8, 2009
Platnick, N. I. 2008. Theridiidae The World Spider Catalog, version 9.0. American Museum of Natural History.
แมงม, มแม, ายดำ, latrodectus, hesperus, วเม, ยการจำแนกช, นทางว, ทยาศาสตร, อาณาจ, กร, animaliaไฟล, arthropodaช, arachnidaอ, นด, araneaeวงศ, theridiidaeสก, latrodectusสป, hesperusช, อทว, นามlatrodectus, hesperuschamberlin, ivie, 1935, อว, ทยาศาสตร, latrodectus, . aemngmumaemmaydaLatrodectus hesperus twemiykarcaaenkchnthangwithyasastrxanackr Animaliaiflm Arthropodachn Arachnidaxndb Araneaewngs Theridiidaeskul Latrodectusspichis L hesperuschuxthwinamLatrodectus hesperusChamberlin amp Ivie 1935 1 aemngmumaemmayda chuxwithyasastr Latrodectus hesperus epnaemngmumphisinskulaemngmumaemmay kracayphnthuinphakhtawntkkhxngthwipxemrikaehnuxaelatawntkechiyngitkhxngxxsetreliy ephsemiymikhnadtwraw 14 16 milliemtr milatwsida klanglatwmiekhruxnghmayepnrupnalikathray ekhruxnghmaynixacepnidthngsiaednghruxsiehluxng inkhnathiephsphucamikhnadtwrawkhrunghnungkhxngtwemiyaelamilatwsixxnkwatwemiyaemngmuminskulaemmay phayhlngkarphsmphnthukbtwphuaelw twemiycakinaemngmumtwphuekhaipsungklayepnthimakhxngchux 2 odythiaemngmumtwemiyethannthisamarthkdmnusyid enuxngcaktwphumikramkhnadelkekinkwacakdphanphiwhnngmnusy phiskhxngaemngmumsayphnthunisngphltxrabbprasath thaihklamenuxekrngcnklayepnxmphat sunghakkarxmphatekidkbkrabnglmaelahwickxacthaihthungaekkhwamtayid phuthukkdmkmixakaraesdngxxkraw 20 nathithung 1 chwomngphayhlngthukkd sungkhwamrunaerngkcakhunkbprimansarphisthiraykayidrb nxkcakniyngxacphbxakarkhangekhiyngxunrwmdwy xathi pwdthxngxyangrunaerng khlunisxaeciyn ehnguxxxkmak muxsn aelachkxangxing aekikh Chamberlin R V amp W Ivie 1935 The black widow spider and its varieties in the United States Bull Univ Utah 25 8 1 29 15 f 1 4 6 14 21 23 33 Andrade Maydianne C B 5 January 1996 Sexual Selection for Male Sacrifice in the Australian Redback Spider Science 271 5245 70 2 Bibcode 1996Sci 271 70A doi 10 1126 science 271 5245 70 subkhnemux 2007 01 15 Minus A 2001 Latrodectus hesperus On line Animal Diversity Web Accessed March 8 2009 Platnick N I 2008 Theridiidae The World Spider Catalog version 9 0 American Museum of Natural History aehlngkhxmulxun aekikh khxmulekiywkhxngkb Latrodectus hesperus cakwikispichis wikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxekiywkb Latrodectus hesperusekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title aemngmumaemmayda amp oldid 7847238, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,