Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (2010). "Xiongnu+Confederation"#v=onepage&q="Xiongnu%20Confederation"&f=false The Cambridge Illustrated History of China (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 69. ISBN978-0-521-12433-1.
Adas 2001: 88
↑ Beckwith 2009: 404-405, nn. 51-52.
Harmatta 1999: 488
Jankowski 2006: 27
Di Cosmo, 2004, pg 166
Yuri Pines, The Everlasting Empire: The Political Culture of Ancient China and Its Imperial Legacy, Princeton University Press, 2012, p.37. ISBN 1400842271, 9781400842278.
John Man, Attila: the barbarian king who challenged Rome, Bantam, 2005, p.62. University of Michigan. ISBN 0593052919, 9780593052914.
Vaissière 2006
di Cosmo 2004: 186
รายการอ้างอิง
Adas, Michael. 2001. Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History, American Historical Association/Temple University Press.
Beckwith, Christopher I. 2009. Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13589-2
Di Cosmo, Nicola. 2004. Ancient China and its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge University Press. (First paperback edition; original edition 2002)
Harmatta, János. 1999. Conclusion. In: History of civilizations of Central Asia. Volume 2: The Development of Sedentary and Nomadic Civilizations, 700 bc to ad 250; Edited by János Harmatta et al. UNESCO. ISBN 92-3-102846-4. 485-493.
Jankowski, Henryk. 2006. A historical-etymological dictionary of pre-Russian habitation names of the Crimea. Brill. Handbuch der Orientalistik [HdO], 8: Central Asia; 15. ISBN 90-04-15433-7.
Vaissière, Étienne de la. 2006. Xiongnu. Encyclopædia Iranica online.
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
คอมมอนส์ มีภาพและสื่อเกี่ยวกับ: ซฺยงหนู
แม่แบบ:EB1911 Poster
Li, Chunxiang; Li, Hongjie; Cui, Yinqiu; Xie, Chengzhi; Cai, Dawei; Li, Wenying; Victor, Mair H.; Xu, Zhi; Zhang, Quanchao; Abuduresule, Idelisi; Jin, Li; Zhu, Hong; Zhou, Hui (2010). "Evidence that a West-East admixed population lived in the Tarim Basin as early as the early Bronze Age". BMC Biology. 8: 15. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-8-15. PMC2838831. PMID 20163704.
Material Culture presented by University of Washington
The Silk Road Volume 4 Number 1
The Silk Road Volume 9
Gold Headdress from Aluchaideng
Belt buckle, Xiongnu type, 3rd–2nd century B.C.
Videodocumentation: Xiongnu – the burial site of the Hun prince (Mongolia)
The National Museum of Mongolian History :: Xiongnu
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