รัสเซีย: Главное управление лагерей, Glavnoye upravleniye lagerey. The full name is believed แม่แบบ:By whom? to be Main Administration of Camps and Places of Detention (รัสเซีย: Главное управление лагерей и мест заключения, Glavnoye upravleniye lagerey i mest zaklyucheniya) or Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps and Settlements (รัสเซีย: Главное управление исправительно-трудовых лагерей и колоний, Glavnoye upravleniye ispravityelno-trudovykh lagerey i koloniy).
อ้างอิง
Lenin's Gulag Richard Pipes, academic research journals Vol. 2, pp 140–146, June 2014
Gulag: An Introduction September 5, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. by Anne Applebaum
Remnick, David (April 14, 2003). "Seasons in Hell". The New Yorker. สืบค้นเมื่อ March 27, 2017.
Other Soviet penal-labor systems not formally included in the GULag were: (a) camps for prisoners of war captured by the Soviet Union, administered by GUPVI (b) filtration camps set up during World War II for the temporary detention of Soviet Ostarbeiters and prisoners of war while the security organs screened them in order to "filter out" the black sheep, (c) "special settlements" for internal exiles including "kulaks" and deported ethnic minorities, such as Volga Germans, Poles, Balts, Caucasians, Crimean Tartars, and others. During certain periods of Soviet history, each of these camp systems held millions of people. Many hundreds of thousands were also sentenced to forced labor without imprisonment at their normal place of work. (Applebaum, pages 579–580)
Werth, Nicolas (20 January 2009). "STATE VIOLENCE IN STALIN's REGIME : OUTLINE FOR AN INVENTORY AND CLASSIFICATION" (PDF). Stanford University.
G. Zheleznov, Vinogradov, F. Belinskii (December 14, 1926). "Letter To the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolshevik)". สืบค้นเมื่อ April 15, 2015.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Getty, Arch; Rittersporn, Gábor; Zemskov, Viktor (October 1993). "Victims of the Soviet penal system in the pre-war years: a first approach on the basis of archival evidence" (PDF). American Historical Review. 98 (4): 1017–1049. doi:10.2307/2166597. JSTOR 2166597.
"Gulag: a History of the Soviet Camps". Arlindo-correia.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ January 6, 2009.
สิงหาคม 05, 2021
สเซ, ГУЛаг, งกฤษ, gulag, คำย, อของ, สำน, กบร, หารหล, กค, ายแรงงาน, เป, นหน, วยงานราชการเพ, อการกำก, บด, แลระบบค, ายแรงงานสหภาพโซเว, ยต, กจ, ดต, งโดย, วลาด, เลน, และถ, งจ, ดส, งส, ดในช, วงการปกครองของ, โจเซฟ, สตาล, ระหว, างทศวรรษท, 1930, งต, นทศวรรษท, 1950, ดภา. kulk rsesiy GULag xngkvs Gulag khayxkhxng sankbriharhlkkhayaerngngan a epnhnwynganrachkarephuxkarkakbduaelrabbkhayaerngnganshphaphosewiyt thukcdtngody wladimir elnin 1 2 aelathungcudsungsudinchwngkarpkkhrxngkhxng ocesf stalin rahwangthswrrsthi 1930 thungtnthswrrsthi 1950 phuphudphasaxngkvscaichkhawa gulag inkarklawthungkhaybngkhbaerngnganshphaphosewiyt rwmthungkhaythimixyuinyukhkxnstalin 3 4 inkhayminkothshlakhlay tngaetxachyakrphunxyipcnthungnkothskaremuxng canwnmakthuktdsinodykrabwnkarngaykhxngtrxykakhxngphlathikarkickarphayinprachachn hruxekhruxngmuxxunkhxngkarlngothsnxkrabbkdhmay kulkidrbkaryxmrbwaepnekhruxngmuxsakhyinkarprabpramthangkaremuxngkhxngshphaphosewiytaephnthikhayeruxncakulkrahwang kh s 1923 aela 1961 odyxasykhxmulcakklumsiththimnusychnemomeriyl nkprawtisastrchawfrngess Nicolas Werth ekhiynin The Black Book of Communism klawwa xtrakaresiychiwittxpiinkhaykkknthnghmd aetktangkn khux 5 kh s 1933 aela 20 kh s 1942 1943 inkhnathildlngxyangmakhlngsngkhramolkkhrngthi 2 praman 1 thung 3 txpi emuxtnthswrrsthi 1950 5 6 khwamehnphxnginhmunkwichakarthiichkhxmulcakhxekbexksarkhxngthangkar tngaet kh s 1930 1953 praman 1 5 thung 1 7 lankhnesiychiwit xaelkhsndr oslesnitsin phuchnarangwloneblsakhawrrnkrrmaelaphurxdchiwitcakkarthukcxngca 8 piinkulk michuxesiynginradbsakldwykartiphimph The Gulag Archipelago kh s 1973 phuekhiynepriybkhaykracaytwehmuxn lukoskhxnghmuekaa inthanaphuehnehtukarnekhaxthibaywa kulkepnrabbthiphukhnthangancntay xyangirktamnkprawtisastrbangkhntngkhathamthungkhwamnaechuxthuxkhxngkhxmulthnghlaydngklaw aelaaethnthicaphungphaaehlngwrrnkrrmxyanghnk minkwicyexksarthiphbwa immiaephnthalaylang txprachakrkhxngkulk immikhasngxyangepnthangkarthicakhaphwkekha aelankothsthukplxytwepncanwnmakmay ekinkwacanwnphuesiychiwitineduxnminakhm kh s 1940 mikhayxanwykar eriykngaywa khay 53 aehng nikhmaerngngan 423 aehng 7 ehmuxngaelaemuxngxutsahkrrrm thangtxnehnuxaelatawnxxkkhxngrsesiyaelakhaskhsthan echn Karaganda Norilsk Vorkuta aela Magadan thikhaythnghlaycathukkxsrangodynkoths aeladaeninnganodyxditnkoths 8 prawtiodyyx aekikh swnnirxephimetimkhxmul khunsamarthchwyephimkhxmulswnniidbnthuk aekikh rsesiy Glavnoe upravlenie lagerej Glavnoye upravleniye lagerey The full name is believed aemaebb By whom to be Main Administration of Camps and Places of Detention rsesiy Glavnoe upravlenie lagerej i mest zaklyucheniya Glavnoye upravleniye lagerey i mest zaklyucheniya or Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps and Settlements rsesiy Glavnoe upravlenie ispravitelno trudovyh lagerej i kolonij Glavnoye upravleniye ispravityelno trudovykh lagerey i koloniy xangxing aekikh Lenin s Gulag Richard Pipes academic research journals Vol 2 pp 140 146 June 2014 Gulag An Introduction Archived September 5 2017 at the Wayback Machine by Anne Applebaum Remnick David April 14 2003 Seasons in Hell The New Yorker subkhnemux March 27 2017 Other Soviet penal labor systems not formally included in the GULag were a camps for prisoners of war captured by the Soviet Union administered by GUPVI b filtration camps set up during World War II for the temporary detention of Soviet Ostarbeiters and prisoners of war while the security organs screened them in order to filter out the black sheep c special settlements for internal exiles including kulaks and deported ethnic minorities such as Volga Germans Poles Balts Caucasians Crimean Tartars and others During certain periods of Soviet history each of these camp systems held millions of people Many hundreds of thousands were also sentenced to forced labor without imprisonment at their normal place of work Applebaum pages 579 580 Werth Nicolas 20 January 2009 STATE VIOLENCE IN STALIN s REGIME OUTLINE FOR AN INVENTORY AND CLASSIFICATION PDF Stanford University G Zheleznov Vinogradov F Belinskii December 14 1926 Letter To the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the All Union Communist Party Bolshevik subkhnemux April 15 2015 CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Getty Arch Rittersporn Gabor Zemskov Viktor October 1993 Victims of the Soviet penal system in the pre war years a first approach on the basis of archival evidence PDF American Historical Review 98 4 1017 1049 doi 10 2307 2166597 JSTOR 2166597 Gulag a History of the Soviet Camps Arlindo correia org subkhnemux January 6 2009 ekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title kulk amp oldid 8213877, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
