a. Renamed from "Democratic Republic of the Congo" (République démocratique du Congo) on 27 October 1971. b. Changed from "Léopoldville" in 1966. c. Zaire became a de jure one-party state on December 23, 1970, but had been a de facto one-party state since May 20, 1967, the date on which the MPR (Mouvement Populaire de la Revolution) was established. Zaire formally adopted a multiparty system on April 24, 1990, when Mobutu delivered a speech proclaiming the end of the one-party system. The country adopted multipartyism de jure with the passage of Law No. 90-002 of July 5, 1990, which amended its constitution accordingly. d. 1990-1997.
อ้างอิง
Constitution de la République du Zaïre, article 5: "Sa devise est : Paix — Justice — Travail". Source: Journal Officiel de la République du Zaïre (N. 1 du 1er janvier 1983)
Kaplan, Irving (ed.). Zaire: A Country Study. Third Edition, First Printing. 1979.
Sandra W. Meditz and Tim Merrill (eds.). Zaire: A Country Study. Fourth Edition. 1993.
Complete text of the Zairian constitution after the enactment of Law No. 90-002 of July 5, 1990 concerning the modification of certain provisions of the Constitution
Peter Forbath, The River Congo, p. 19.
สิงหาคม 04, 2021
สาธารณร, ฐซาอ, บทความน, กล, าวถ, งประว, ศาสตร, สาธารณร, ฐประชาธ, ปไตยคองโกระหว, างป, 1971, 1997, สำหร, บประเทศป, จจ, สาธารณร, ฐประชาธ, ปไตยคองโก, ซาอ, zaire, หร, อช, ออย, างเป, นทางการค, ฝร, งเศส, république, zaïre, เส, ยงอ, านภาษาฝร, งเศส, เป, นช, อร, ฐระหว, . bthkhwamniklawthungprawtisastrsatharnrthprachathipitykhxngokrahwangpi kh s 1971 thung 1997 sahrbpraethspccubn duthi satharnrthprachathipitykhxngok saxir Zaire hruxchuxxyangepnthangkarkhux satharnrthsaxir frngess Republique du Zaire esiyngxanphasafrngess za iʁ epnchuxrthrahwang kh s 1971 aela 1997 inaexfrikaklang sungtxmathukepliynchuxepnsatharnrthprachathipitykhxngokhlngcakhmdyukhkhxng ombutu eses esok chuxkhxngrthmacakchuxaemnakhxngoksungbangkhrngeriykwa saxir inphasaoprtueks sungaeplngcakkhainphasakhxngokkhux nzere hrux nzadi aemnasungdudklunthukaemna 5 satharnrthsaxiraRepublique du ZaireRepubuliki ya ZaireJamhuri ya Zaire1971 1997thngchati traaephndinkhakhwy Paix Justice Travail 1 khwamsngbsukh khwamyutithrrm ngan ephlngchati La Zairoise ephlngaehngchawsaxir source source track emuxnghlwngkinchasaphasathwipfrngesslingkala khxngokswahili chilubasasnakhrist Baluba religion Bantu religionkarpkkhrxngrthediyw lththiombutu satharnrthrthphrrkhkaremuxngediywcphayitephdckarthharebdesrcprathanathibdi 1971 1997ombutu eses esokyukhprawtisastrsngkhrameyn rthprahar25 phvscikayn 1965 epliynchuxpraeths27 tulakhm 1971 sngkhramkhxngokkhrngthihnung16 phvsphakhm 1997phunthi19962 345 410 tarangkiolemtr 905 570 tarangiml prachakr 199646498539skulenginZaireekhtewlaCET EETrhsothrsphth243odemnbnsud zrkxnhna thdipsatharnrthkhxngok elxxpxlwil satharnrthprachathipitykhxngoka Renamed from Democratic Republic of the Congo Republique democratique du Congo on 27 October 1971 b Changed from Leopoldville in 1966 c Zaire became a de jure one party state on December 23 1970 2 but had been a de facto one party state since May 20 1967 the date on which the MPR Mouvement Populaire de la Revolution was established Zaire formally adopted a multiparty system on April 24 1990 3 when Mobutu delivered a speech proclaiming the end of the one party system The country adopted multipartyism de jure with the passage of Law No 90 002 of July 5 1990 which amended its constitution accordingly 4 d 1990 1997 xangxing aekikh Constitution de la Republique du Zaire article 5 Sa devise est Paix Justice Travail Source Journal Officiel de la Republique du Zaire N 1 du 1er janvier 1983 Kaplan Irving ed Zaire A Country Study Third Edition First Printing 1979 Sandra W Meditz and Tim Merrill eds Zaire A Country Study Fourth Edition 1993 Complete text of the Zairian constitution after the enactment of Law No 90 002 of July 5 1990 concerning the modification of certain provisions of the Constitution Peter Forbath The River Congo p 19 ekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title satharnrthsaxir amp oldid 9283226, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
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