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วิกิพีเดีย

วงศ์มณเฑียรทอง

วงศ์มณเฑียรทอง
Scrophularia nodosa
การจำแนกชั้นทางวิทยาศาสตร์
อาณาจักร: Plantae
ไม่ได้จัดลำดับ: Angiosperms
ไม่ได้จัดลำดับ: Eudicots
ไม่ได้จัดลำดับ: Asterids
อันดับ: Lamiales
วงศ์: Scrophulariaceae
Juss.
สกุล

ดูเนื้อหา

ชื่อพ้อง

Bontiaceae Horan.
Buddlejaceae K.Wilh., nom. cons.
Hebenstretiaceae Horan.
Limosellaceae J.Agardh
Myoporaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
Oftiaceae Takht. & Reveal
Selaginaceae Choisy, nom. cons.
Spielmanniaceae J.Agardh, nom. illeg.
Verbascaceae Bercht. & J.Presl

วงศ์มณเฑียรทอง หรือ Scrophulariaceae เป็นวงศ์ของพืชมีดอก ที่สมาชิกส่วนใหญ่อยู่ในเขตอบอุ่น และภูเขาในเขตร้อน

การจัดจำแนก

ในอดีต วงศ์นี้มี 275 สกุลและมากกว่า 5,000 สปีชีส์ แต่จากการศึกษาข้อมูลทางชีววิทยาโมเลกุลพบว่ามีความหลากหลายภายในกลุ่มมาก หลายสกุลถูกย้ายไปวงศ์อื่นในอันดับ Lamiales โดยเฉพาะวงศ์ Plantaginaceae และ Orobanchaceae แต่บางครั้งก็แยกวงศ์ใหม่ หลาบวงศ์ในอันดับ Lamiales มีขนาดใหญ่ขึ้นเพราะการย้ายสกุลออกจาก Scrophulariacae อย่างกว้าง

Fischer (2004) กำหนดให้วงศ์นี้มีวงศ์ย่อย; Antirrhinoideae, Gratioloideae, และ Digitalidoideae และแบ่ง Gratioloideae ออกเป็น 5 เผ่า; Gratioleae, Angeloniaeae, Stemodieae, Limoselleae และ Lindernieaeและแบ่งเผ่า Gratioleae ออกเป็น 16 สกุล และมีเผ่าย่อย 3 เผ่า; Caprarinae, Dopatrinae และ Gratiolinaeเผ่าย่อย Gratiolinae มี 10 สกุล; Bacopa และ Mecardonia (เดิมคือ Herpestis), Amphianthus, Gratiola Sophronanthe Benjaminia Scoparia Boelkea Maeviella และ Braunblequetia กลุ่มนี้ส่วนใหญ่ถูกย้าไปวงศ์ Plantaginaceae ในเป่า Gratioleae

สกุล

 
Leucophyllum frutescens
เผ่า Aptosimeae
  • Anticharis Endl.
  • Aptosimum Burch. ex Benth.
  • Peliostomum E.Mey. ex Benth.
เผ่า Buddlejeae
  • Buddleja L. - Butterfly-bush
  • Emorya Torr.
  • Gomphostigma Turcz.
เผ่า Hemimerideae
  • Alonsoa Ruiz & Pav.
  • Colpias E.Mey. ex Benth.
  • Diascia Link & Otto
  • Diclis Benth.
  • Hemimeris L.f.
  • Nemesia Vent.
เผ่า Leucophylleae
  • Eremogeton Standl. & L.O.Williams
  • Leucophyllum Humb. & Bonpl.
เผ่า Limoselleae
  • Barthlottia Eb.Fisch.
  • Camptoloma Benth.
  • Chaenostoma Benth. (sometimes included in Sutera but separated by Kornhall and Bremer)
  • Chenopodiopsis Hilliard
  • Cromidon Compton
  • Dischisma Choisy
  • Glekia Hilliard
  • Globulariopsis Compton
  • Glumicalyx Hiern
  • Gosela Choisy
  • Hebenstretia L
  • Jamesbrittenia Kuntze
  • Limosella L.
  • Lyperia Benth.
  • Manuleopsis Thell. ex Schinz
  • Melanospermum Hilliard
  • Microdon Choisy
  • Phyllopodium Benth.
  • Polycarena Benth.
  • Reyemia Hilliard
  • Selago L.
  • Strobilopsis Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
  • Sutera Roth syn. Manulea Thun. - Dwarf Snapdragon, "Bacopa"
  • Tetraselago Junell
  • Trieenea Hilliard
  • Zaluzianskya F.W.Schmidt
เผ่า Myoporeae
  • Bontia L.
  • Calamphoreus Chinnock
  • Diocirea Chinnock
  • Eremophila R.Br.
  • Glycocystis Chinnock
  • Myoporum Sol. ex G.Forst.
  • Pentacoelium Siebold & Zucc.
เผ่า Scrophularieae
  • Antherothamnus N.E.Br.
  • Nathaliella B.Fedtsch.
  • Oreosolen Hook.f.
  • Scrophularia L. - Figwort
  • Verbascum L. - Mullein
เผ่า Teedieae
  • Dermatobotrys Bolus
  • Freylinia Colla
  • Oftia Adans.
  • Ranopisoa J.F.Leroy
  • Teedia Rudolphi
ไม่จัดอยู่ในเผ่า
  • Brachystigma Pennell - Desert foxglove
  • Dasistoma Raf.
  • Hemianthus Nutt.
  • Leucosalpa Scott-Elliot
  • Phygelius E.Mey. ex Benth. - Cape fuchsia

สกุลที่นำออก

สกุลต่อไปนี้เคยอยู่ในวงศ์ Scrophulariaceae แต่ปัจจุบันถูกย้ายไปอยู่วงศ์อื่น:

  • Acanthorrhinum Rothm.Plantaginaceae
  • Agalinis Raf.Orobanchaceae
  • Angelonia Humb. & Bonpl. → Plantaginaceae
  • Antirrhinum L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Bacopa Aubl. → Plantaginaceae
  • Bartsia L. → Orobanchaceae
  • Basistemon Turcz. → Plantaginaceae
  • Besseya Rydb. → Plantaginaceae
  • Calceolaria L. → Calceolariaceae
  • Capraria L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Castilleja Mutis ex L.f. → Orobanchaceae
  • Chaenorhinum (DC.) Rchb. → Plantaginaceae
  • Chelone L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Chionophila Benth. → Plantaginaceae
  • Collinsia Nutt. → Plantaginaceae
  • Cordylanthus Nutt. ex Benth. → Orobanchaceae
  • Craterostigma Hochst. → Linderniaceae or as part of Lindernia
  • Cymbalaria → Plantaginaceae
  • Digitalis L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Dopatrium Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. → Plantaginaceae
  • Epixiphium (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Munz → Plantaginaceae
  • Euphrasia L. → Orobanchaceae
  • Galvezia Dombey ex Juss. → Plantaginaceae
  • Gambelia Nutt. → Plantaginaceae
  • Glossostigma Wight & Arn. → Phrymaceae
  • Gratiola L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Hebe Comm. ex Juss. → Plantaginaceae
  • Holmgrenanthe Elisens → Plantaginaceae
  • Howelliella Rothm. → Plantaginaceae
  • Keckiella Straw → Plantaginaceae
  • Kickxia Dumort. → Plantaginaceae
  • Lagotis Gaertn. → Plantaginaceae
  • Limnophila R.Br. → Plantaginaceae
  • Linaria Mill. → Plantaginaceae
  • Lindernia All. → Linderniaceae
  • Lophospermum D.Don → Plantaginaceae
  • Mabrya Elisens → Plantaginaceae
  • Maurandella (A.Gray) Rothm. → Plantaginaceae
  • Maurandya Ortega → Plantaginaceae
  • Mazus Lour. → Phrymaceae
  • Mecardonia Ruiz & Pav. → Plantaginaceae
  • Melampyrum L. → Orobanchaceae
  • Micranthemum Michx. → Plantaginaceae
  • Mimulus L. → Phrymaceae
  • Misopates Raf. → Plantaginaceae
  • Mohavea A.Gray → Plantaginaceae
  • Nemesia → Plantaginaceae
  • Neogaerrhinum Rothm. → Plantaginaceae
  • Nothochelone (A.Gray) Straw → Plantaginaceae
  • Nuttallanthus D.A.Sutton → Plantaginaceae
  • Odontites Ludw. → Orobanchaceae
  • Orobanche L. → Orobanchaceae
  • Orthocarpus Nutt. → Orobanchaceae
  • Parentucellia Viv. → Orobanchaceae
  • Paulownia Siebold & Zucc. → Paulowniaceae
  • Pedicularis L. → Orobanchaceae
  • Penstemon Schmidel → Plantaginaceae
  • Pseudorontium (A.Gray) Rothm. → Plantaginaceae
  • Rhinanthus L. → Orobanchaceae
  • Russelia Jacq. → Plantaginaceae
  • Sairocarpus D.A.Sutton → Plantaginaceae
  • Schistophragma Benth. ex Endl. → Plantaginaceae
  • Scoparia L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Stemodia L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Striga Lour. → Orobanchaceae
  • Synthyris Benth. → Plantaginaceae
  • Tonella Nutt. ex A.Gray → Plantaginaceae
  • Torenia L. → Linderniaceae
  • Triphysaria Fisch. & C.A.Mey. → Orobanchaceae
  • Veronica L. → Plantaginaceae
  • Veronicastrum Heist. ex Fabr. → Plantaginaceae

อ้างอิง

  1. "Family: Scrophulariaceae Juss., nom. cons". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-10-17.
  2. Fischer says that, if we consider morphology, it has been obvious for the last decades that scrophulariaceae do not represent a monophyletic group. See FISCHER (2004), p. 346.
  3. Olmstead, R. G., dePamphilis, C. W., Wolfe, A. D., Young, N. D., Elisons, W. J. & Reeves P. A. (2001). "Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". American Journal of Botany. 88 (2): 348–361. doi:10.2307/2657024. JSTOR 2657024. PMID 11222255.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "Whatever happened to the Scrophulariaceae?". Fremontia. 30: 13–22. - on line here
  5. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Aptosimeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  6. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Buddlejeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  7. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Hemimerideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  8. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Leucophylleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  9. Kornhall, Per and Bremer, Birgitta (2004). "New circumscription of the tribe Limoselleae (Scrophulariaceae) that includes the taxa of the tribe Manuleeae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 146 (4): 453–467. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00341.x.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. Oxelman, B.; Kornhall, P.; Olmstead, R.G.; Bremer, B. (2005). "Further disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". Taxon. 54 (2): 411–425. doi:10.2307/25065369. JSTOR 25065369.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Limoselleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  12. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Myoporeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  13. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Scrophularieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  14. "Genera of Scrophulariaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-03-29.
  15. Albach, D. C.; Meudt, H. M.; Oxelman, B. (2005). "Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae". American Journal of Botany. 92 (2): 297–315. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.2.297. PMID 21652407.
  16. "Lindernia All". A Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar. Missouri Botanical Garden and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle.
  17. Haston, E., Richardson, J. E., Stevens, P. F., Chase, M. W., Harris, D. J. (2007). "A linear sequence of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II families". Taxon. 56 (1): 7–12. doi:10.2307/25065731.
  18. Nelson D. Young, Kim E. Steiner, Claude W. dePamphilis (Autumn 1999). "The Evolution of Parasitism in Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: Plastid Gene Sequences Refute an Evolutionary Transition Series". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 86 (4): 876–893. doi:10.2307/2666173. JSTOR 2666173.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. "GRIN genera sometimes placed in Scrophulariaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-10-17.
  • Fischer, E. (2004). "Scrophulariaceae". ใน Kubitzki, K.; Kadereit, J.W. (บ.ก.). Flowering Plants — Dicotyledons: Lamiales. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Springer. pp. 333−432. ISBN 3-540-40593-3.

แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น

  • Kew list of Scrophulariaceae
  • Family Scrophulariaceae Flowers in Israel
  • verbascum.org

วงศ, มณเฑ, ยรทอง, scrophularia, nodosaการจำแนกช, นทางว, ทยาศาสตร, อาณาจ, กร, plantaeไม, ได, ดลำด, angiospermsไม, ได, ดลำด, eudicotsไม, ได, ดลำด, asteridsอ, นด, lamialesวงศ, scrophulariaceae, juss, สก, ลด, เน, อหาช, อพ, องbontiaceae, horan, buddlejaceae, wilh, . wngsmnethiyrthxngScrophularia nodosakarcaaenkchnthangwithyasastrxanackr Plantaeimidcdladb Angiospermsimidcdladb Eudicotsimidcdladb Asteridsxndb Lamialeswngs Scrophulariaceae Juss skulduenuxhachuxphxngBontiaceae Horan Buddlejaceae K Wilh nom cons Hebenstretiaceae Horan Limosellaceae J Agardh Myoporaceae R Br nom cons Oftiaceae Takht amp Reveal Selaginaceae Choisy nom cons Spielmanniaceae J Agardh nom illeg Verbascaceae Bercht amp J Presl 1 wngsmnethiyrthxng hrux Scrophulariaceae epnwngskhxngphuchmidxk thismachikswnihyxyuinekhtxbxun aelaphuekhainekhtrxn enuxha 1 karcdcaaenk 2 skul 2 1 skulthinaxxk 3 xangxing 4 aehlngkhxmulxunkarcdcaaenk aekikhinxdit wngsnimi 275 skulaelamakkwa 5 000 spichis aetcakkarsuksakhxmulthangchiwwithyaomelkulphbwamikhwamhlakhlayphayinklummak 2 hlayskulthukyayipwngsxuninxndb Lamiales odyechphaawngs Plantaginaceae aela Orobanchaceae aetbangkhrngkaeykwngsihm 3 4 hlabwngsinxndb Lamiales mikhnadihykhunephraakaryayskulxxkcak Scrophulariacae xyangkwangFischer 2004 kahndihwngsnimiwngsyxy Antirrhinoideae Gratioloideae aela Digitalidoideae aelaaebng Gratioloideae xxkepn 5 epha Gratioleae Angeloniaeae Stemodieae Limoselleae aela Lindernieaeaelaaebngepha Gratioleae xxkepn 16 skul aelamiephayxy 3 epha Caprarinae Dopatrinae aela Gratiolinaeephayxy Gratiolinae mi 10 skul Bacopa aela Mecardonia edimkhux Herpestis Amphianthus Gratiola Sophronanthe Benjaminia Scoparia Boelkea Maeviella aela Braunblequetia klumniswnihythukyaipwngs Plantaginaceae inepa Gratioleaeskul aekikh Leucophyllum frutescens epha AptosimeaeAnticharis Endl Aptosimum Burch ex Benth Peliostomum E Mey ex Benth 5 epha BuddlejeaeBuddleja L Butterfly bush Emorya Torr Gomphostigma Turcz 6 epha HemimerideaeAlonsoa Ruiz amp Pav Colpias E Mey ex Benth Diascia Link amp Otto Diclis Benth Hemimeris L f Nemesia Vent 7 epha LeucophylleaeEremogeton Standl amp L O Williams Leucophyllum Humb amp Bonpl 8 epha LimoselleaeBarthlottia Eb Fisch Camptoloma Benth Chaenostoma Benth sometimes included in Sutera but separated by Kornhall and Bremer 9 Chenopodiopsis Hilliard Cromidon Compton Dischisma Choisy Glekia Hilliard Globulariopsis Compton Glumicalyx Hiern Gosela Choisy Hebenstretia L Jamesbrittenia Kuntze 9 Limosella L 10 Lyperia Benth Manuleopsis Thell ex Schinz Melanospermum Hilliard Microdon Choisy Phyllopodium Benth Polycarena Benth Reyemia Hilliard Selago L Strobilopsis Hilliard amp B L Burtt Sutera Roth syn Manulea Thun Dwarf Snapdragon Bacopa Tetraselago Junell Trieenea Hilliard Zaluzianskya F W Schmidt 11 epha MyoporeaeBontia L Calamphoreus Chinnock Diocirea Chinnock Eremophila R Br Glycocystis Chinnock Myoporum Sol ex G Forst Pentacoelium Siebold amp Zucc 12 epha ScrophularieaeAntherothamnus N E Br Nathaliella B Fedtsch Oreosolen Hook f Scrophularia L Figwort Verbascum L Mullein 13 epha TeedieaeDermatobotrys Bolus Freylinia Colla Oftia Adans Ranopisoa J F Leroy Teedia RudolphiimcdxyuinephaBrachystigma Pennell Desert foxglove Dasistoma Raf Hemianthus Nutt Leucosalpa Scott Elliot Phygelius E Mey ex Benth Cape fuchsia 14 skulthinaxxk aekikh skultxipniekhyxyuinwngs Scrophulariaceae aetpccubnthukyayipxyuwngsxun Acanthorrhinum Rothm Plantaginaceae Agalinis Raf Orobanchaceae Angelonia Humb amp Bonpl Plantaginaceae Antirrhinum L Plantaginaceae Bacopa Aubl Plantaginaceae Bartsia L Orobanchaceae Basistemon Turcz Plantaginaceae Besseya Rydb Plantaginaceae Calceolaria L Calceolariaceae Capraria L Plantaginaceae Castilleja Mutis ex L f Orobanchaceae Chaenorhinum DC Rchb Plantaginaceae Chelone L Plantaginaceae Chionophila Benth Plantaginaceae Collinsia Nutt Plantaginaceae Cordylanthus Nutt ex Benth Orobanchaceae Craterostigma Hochst Linderniaceae 15 or as part of Lindernia 16 Cymbalaria Plantaginaceae Digitalis L Plantaginaceae Dopatrium Buch Ham ex Benth Plantaginaceae Epixiphium Engelm ex A Gray Munz Plantaginaceae Euphrasia L Orobanchaceae Galvezia Dombey ex Juss Plantaginaceae Gambelia Nutt Plantaginaceae Glossostigma Wight amp Arn Phrymaceae Gratiola L Plantaginaceae Hebe Comm ex Juss Plantaginaceae Holmgrenanthe Elisens Plantaginaceae Howelliella Rothm Plantaginaceae Keckiella Straw Plantaginaceae Kickxia Dumort Plantaginaceae Lagotis Gaertn Plantaginaceae Limnophila R Br Plantaginaceae Linaria Mill Plantaginaceae Lindernia All Linderniaceae 17 Lophospermum D Don Plantaginaceae Mabrya Elisens Plantaginaceae Maurandella A Gray Rothm Plantaginaceae Maurandya Ortega Plantaginaceae Mazus Lour Phrymaceae Mecardonia Ruiz amp Pav Plantaginaceae Melampyrum L Orobanchaceae Micranthemum Michx Plantaginaceae Mimulus L Phrymaceae Misopates Raf Plantaginaceae Mohavea A Gray Plantaginaceae Nemesia Plantaginaceae Neogaerrhinum Rothm Plantaginaceae Nothochelone A Gray Straw Plantaginaceae Nuttallanthus D A Sutton Plantaginaceae Odontites Ludw Orobanchaceae Orobanche L Orobanchaceae Orthocarpus Nutt Orobanchaceae Parentucellia Viv Orobanchaceae Paulownia Siebold amp Zucc Paulowniaceae Pedicularis L Orobanchaceae Penstemon Schmidel Plantaginaceae Pseudorontium A Gray Rothm Plantaginaceae Rhinanthus L Orobanchaceae Russelia Jacq Plantaginaceae Sairocarpus D A Sutton Plantaginaceae Schistophragma Benth ex Endl Plantaginaceae Scoparia L Plantaginaceae Stemodia L Plantaginaceae Striga Lour Orobanchaceae 3 18 Synthyris Benth Plantaginaceae Tonella Nutt ex A Gray Plantaginaceae Torenia L Linderniaceae Triphysaria Fisch amp C A Mey Orobanchaceae Veronica L Plantaginaceae Veronicastrum Heist ex Fabr Plantaginaceae 19 xangxing aekikh Family Scrophulariaceae Juss nom cons Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture 2003 01 17 subkhnemux 2011 10 17 Fischer says that if we consider morphology it has been obvious for the last decades that scrophulariaceae do not represent a monophyletic group See FISCHER 2004 p 346 3 0 3 1 Olmstead R G dePamphilis C W Wolfe A D Young N D Elisons W J amp Reeves P A 2001 Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae American Journal of Botany 88 2 348 361 doi 10 2307 2657024 JSTOR 2657024 PMID 11222255 CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Olmstead R G 2003 Whatever happened to the Scrophulariaceae Fremontia 30 13 22 on line here Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Aptosimeae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Buddlejeae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Hemimerideae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Leucophylleae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 9 0 9 1 Kornhall Per and Bremer Birgitta 2004 New circumscription of the tribe Limoselleae Scrophulariaceae that includes the taxa of the tribe Manuleeae Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146 4 453 467 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 2004 00341 x CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Oxelman B Kornhall P Olmstead R G Bremer B 2005 Further disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae Taxon 54 2 411 425 doi 10 2307 25065369 JSTOR 25065369 CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Limoselleae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Myoporeae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Scrophularieae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 Genera of Scrophulariaceae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2009 03 29 Albach D C Meudt H M Oxelman B 2005 Piecing together the new Plantaginaceae American Journal of Botany 92 2 297 315 doi 10 3732 ajb 92 2 297 PMID 21652407 Lindernia All A Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar Missouri Botanical Garden and Museum National d Histoire Naturelle Haston E Richardson J E Stevens P F Chase M W Harris D J 2007 A linear sequence of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II families Taxon 56 1 7 12 doi 10 2307 25065731 Nelson D Young Kim E Steiner Claude W dePamphilis Autumn 1999 The Evolution of Parasitism in Scrophulariaceae Orobanchaceae Plastid Gene Sequences Refute an Evolutionary Transition Series Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 4 876 893 doi 10 2307 2666173 JSTOR 2666173 CS1 maint multiple names authors list link GRIN genera sometimes placed in Scrophulariaceae Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture subkhnemux 2011 10 17 Fischer E 2004 Scrophulariaceae in Kubitzki K Kadereit J W b k Flowering Plants Dicotyledons Lamiales The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants VII Springer pp 333 432 ISBN 3 540 40593 3 aehlngkhxmulxun aekikhkhxmmxns miphaphaelasuxekiywkb wngsmnethiyrthxngKew list of Scrophulariaceae Family Scrophulariaceae Flowers in Israel verbascum orgekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title wngsmnethiyrthxng amp oldid 9175871, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,

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