คำอธิบายMetabolic interactions between astrocytes and neurons with major reactions.png
Diagram appeared in an article in a CC-by licensed journal. The figure description provided by the article: "Thick arrows show uptake and release reactions. Dashed arrows indicate shuttle of metabolites between two cell types. Glutamate and α-ketoglutarate in transamination reactions are abbreviated as GLU and AKG, respectively. All reactions considered in the modeling are given in additional file 1 [see Reaction set below]. The reaction numbers in the figure refer to the numbering in the reaction list of additional file 1. Here we only depict major reactions for simplicity."
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Cakir, Tunahan; Selma Alsan, Hale Saybasili, Ata Akin, Kutlu Ulgen (2007). "Reconstruction and flux analysis of coupling between metabolic pathways of astrocytes and neurons: application to cerebral hypoxia". Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling4 (1): 48. DOI:10.1186/1742-4682-4-48. ISSN 1742-4682. Retrieved on 2007-12-17.
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Prepared by User:OldakQuill from diagram in journal article (see source). Authors of article: Tunahan Cakir, Selma Alsan, Hale Saybasili, Ata Akin, Kutlu Ulgen
This is a list of reactions shown in the diagram. Labels in the diagram refer to reactions listed here. This list is provided as a supplemental file to the article entitled "Reaction Set of Metabolic Reconstruction for Astrocytes and Neurons" [1].
In metabolite names as suffix, A: astrocytic, N: neuronal. For cofactors: M indicates mitochondrial localization of the corresponding reaction. If there is no M, this means that the reaction is located in cytosol. ‘EX’ as suffix for metabolite names indicates extracellular version of that metabolite.
{{Information |Description=The figure description provided by the article (CC-BY): "Thick arrows show uptake and release reactions. Dashed arrows indicate shuttle of metabolites between two cell types. Glutamate and α-ketoglutarate in transamination reac
{{Information |Description=The figure description provided by the article (CC-BY): "Thick arrows show uptake and release reactions. Dashed arrows indicate shuttle of metabolites between two cell types. Glutamate and α-ketoglutarate in transamination reac
ไฟล, metabolic, interactions, between, astrocytes, neurons, with, major, reactions, ไฟล, ประว, ไฟล, หน, าท, ภาพน, การใช, ไฟล, วนกลางขนาดของต, วอย, างน, กเซล, ความละเอ, ยดอ, กเซล, กเซล, กเซล, ภาพท, ความละเอ, ยดส, งกว, 8206, กเซล, ขนาดไฟล, โลไบต, ชน, ดไมม, image. ifl prawtiifl hnathimiphaphni karichiflswnklangkhnadkhxngtwxyangni 800 535 phikesl khwamlaexiydxun 320 214 phikesl 640 428 phikesl 995 665 phikesl duphaphthimikhwamlaexiydsungkwa 8206 995 665 phikesl khnadifl 295 kiolibt chnidimm image png rupphaphhruxiflesiyngni tnchbbxyuthi khxmmxns raylaexiyddanlang epnkhxkhwamthiaesdngphlcak ifltnchbbinkhxmmxns khxmmxnsepnewbistinokhrngkarsahrbekbrwbrwmsuxesri thi khunsamarthchwyid khwamyx khaxthibayMetabolic interactions between astrocytes and neurons with major reactions png Diagram appeared in an article in a CC by licensed journal The figure description provided by the article Thick arrows show uptake and release reactions Dashed arrows indicate shuttle of metabolites between two cell types Glutamate and a ketoglutarate in transamination reactions are abbreviated as GLU and AKG respectively All reactions considered in the modeling are given in additional file 1 see Reaction set below The reaction numbers in the figure refer to the numbering in the reaction list of additional file 1 Here we only depict major reactions for simplicity wnthi 17 thnwakhm ph s 2550 aehlngthima Cakir Tunahan Selma Alsan Hale Saybasili Ata Akin Kutlu Ulgen 2007 Reconstruction and flux analysis of coupling between metabolic pathways of astrocytes and neurons application to cerebral hypoxia Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling 4 1 48 DOI 10 1186 1742 4682 4 48 ISSN 1742 4682 Retrieved on 2007 12 17 phusrangsrrkh Prepared by User OldakQuill from diagram in journal article see source Authors of article Tunahan Cakir Selma Alsan Hale Saybasili Ata Akin Kutlu Ulgen karxnuyat karichiflniihm iflnixyuphayitsyyaxnuyatkhriexthifkhxmmxns run aesdngthima 2 0 thwipkhunsamarth thicaaebngpn thicathasaena aeckcay aelasngngandngklawtxip thicaeriyberiyngihm thicaddaeplngngandngklaw phayitenguxnikhtxipni aesdngthima khuntxngihekiyrtiecakhxngnganxyangehmaasm odyephimlingkipyngsyyaxnuyat aelarabuhakmikarepliynaeplng khunxacthaechnniidinrupaebbidkidtamkhwr aettxngimichinlksnathiaenawaphuihxnuyatsnbsnunkhunhruxkarichngankhxngkhunhttps creativecommons org licenses by 2 0 CC BY 2 0 Creative Commons Attribution 2 0 true true ewxrchnxun Original on page 50 of http www tbiomed com content pdf 1742 4682 4 48 pdf Reaction set This is a list of reactions shown in the diagram Labels in the diagram refer to reactions listed here This list is provided as a supplemental file to the article entitled Reaction Set of Metabolic Reconstruction for Astrocytes and Neurons 1 In metabolite names as suffix A astrocytic N neuronal For cofactors M indicates mitochondrial localization of the corresponding reaction If there is no M this means that the reaction is located in cytosol EX as suffix for metabolite names indicates extracellular version of that metabolite GLYCOLYSIS ASTROCYTES R1a nbsp Glucose A ATP A Glucose 6 phosphate A ADP A R2a nbsp Glucose 6 phosphate A Fructose 6 phosphate A R3a nbsp Fructose 6 phosphate A ATP A Fructose 1 6 biphosphate A ADP A R4a nbsp Fructose 1 6 biphosphate A Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate A Dihydroxyacetone phosphate A R5a nbsp Dihydroxyacetone phosphate A Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate A R6a nbsp Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate A NAD A 1 3 biphosphoglycerate A NADH A R7a nbsp 1 3 biphosphoglycerate A ADP A 3 phosphoglycerate A ATP A R8a nbsp 3 phosphoglycerate A 2 phosphoglycerate A R9a nbsp 2 phosphoglycerate A Phosphoenol pyruvate A R10a nbsp Phosphoenol pyruvate A ADP A Pyruvate A ATP A R11a nbsp Pyruvate A NADH A Lactate A NAD A R12a nbsp Pyruvate A ATP A CO2 A Oxoloacetate A ADP A R13a nbsp Pyruvate A NAD AM Acetyl CoA A CO2 A NADH AM PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY ASTROCYTES R14a nbsp Glucose 6 phosphate A NADP A 6 phosphoglucone A NADPH A R15a nbsp 6 phosphoglucone A 6 phosphogluconate A R16a nbsp 6 phosphogluconate A NADP A Ribulose 5 phosphate A NADPH A CO2 A R17a nbsp Ribulose 5 phosphate A Xylulose 5 phosphate A R18a nbsp Ribulose 5 phosphate A Ribose 5 phosphate A R19a nbsp Ribose 5 phosphate A Xylulose 5 phosphate A Sedoheptulose 7 phosphate A Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate A R20a nbsp Sedoheptulose 7 phosphate A Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate A Fructose 6 phosphate A Erythrose 4 phosphate A R21a nbsp Xylulose 5 phosphate A Erythrose 4 phosphate A Fructose 6 phosphate A Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate A TCA CYCLE ACTROCYTES R22a nbsp Oxoloacetate A Acetyl CoA A Citrate A R23a nbsp Citrate A Isocitrate A R24a nbsp Isocitrate A NAD AM alpha ketoglutarate A NADH AM CO2 A R25a nbsp Isocitrate A NADP A alpha ketoglutarate A NADPH A CO2 A R26a nbsp Isocitrate A NADP AM alpha ketoglutarate A NADPH AM CO2 A R27a nbsp alpha ketoglutarate A NAD AM Succinyl CoA A NADH AM CO2 A R28a nbsp Succinyl CoA A ADP A Succinate A ATP A R29a nbsp Succinate A FAD AM Fumarate A FADH2 AM R30a nbsp Fumarate A Malate A R31a nbsp Malate A NAD AM Oxoloacetate A NADH AM R32a nbsp Malate A NAD A Oxoloacetate A NADH A R33a nbsp Malate A NADP A Pyruvate A NADPH A CO2 A R34a nbsp NADP AM NADH AM NADPH AM NAD AM OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AND ATPASE ASTROCYTES R35a nbsp 6 ADP A 2 NADH AM 1 O2 A 6 ATP A 2 NAD AM R36a nbsp 4 ADP A 2 FADH2 AM 1 O2 A 4 ATP A 2 FAD AM R37a nbsp ATP A ADP A GLYCOLYSIS NEURONS R38n nbsp Glucose N ATP N Glucose 6 phosphate N ADP N R39n nbsp Glucose 6 phosphate N Fructose 6 phosphate N R40n nbsp Fructose 6 phosphate N ATP N Fructose 1 6 biphosphate N ADP N R41n nbsp Fructose 1 6 biphosphate N Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate N Dihydroxyacetone phosphate N R42n nbsp Dihydroxyacetone phosphate N Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate N R43n nbsp Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate N NAD N 1 3 biphosphoglycerate N NADH N R44n nbsp 1 3 biphosphoglycerate N ADP N 3 phosphoglycerate N ATP N R45n nbsp 3 phosphoglycerate N 2 phosphoglycerate N R46n nbsp 2 phosphoglycerate N Phosphoenol pyruvate N R47n nbsp Phosphoenol pyruvate N ADP N Pyruvate N ATP N R48n nbsp Pyruvate N NADH N Lactate N NAD N R49n nbsp Pyruvate N NAD NM Acetyl CoA N CO2 N NADH NM PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY NEURONS R50n nbsp Glucose 6 phosphate N NADP N 6 phosphoglucone N NADPH N R51n nbsp 6 phosphoglucone N 6 phosphogluconate N R52n nbsp 6 phosphogluconate N NADP N Ribulose 5 phosphate N NADPH N CO2 N R53n nbsp Ribulose 5 phosphate N Xylulose 5 phosphate N R54n nbsp Ribulose 5 phosphate N Ribose 5 phosphate N R55n nbsp Ribose 5 phosphate N Xylulose 5 phosphate N Sedoheptulose 7 phosphate N Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate N R56n nbsp Sedoheptulose 7 phosphate N Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate N Fructose 6 phosphate N Erythrose 4 phosphate N R57n nbsp Xylulose 5 phosphate N Erythrose 4 phosphate N Fructose 6 phosphate N Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate N TCA CYCLE NEURONS R58n nbsp Oxoloacetate N Acetyl CoA N Citrate N R59n nbsp Citrate N Isocitrate N R60n nbsp Isocitrate N NAD NM alpha ketoglutarate N NADH NM CO2 N R61n nbsp Isocitrate N NADP NM alpha ketoglutarate N NADPH NM CO2 N R62n nbsp Isocitrate N NADP N alpha ketoglutarate N NADPH N CO2 N R63n nbsp alpha ketoglutarate N NAD NM Succinyl CoA N NADH NM CO2 N R64n nbsp Succinyl CoA N ADP N Succinate N ATP N R65n nbsp Succinate N FAD NM Fumarate N FADH2 NM R66n nbsp Fumarate N Malate N R67n nbsp Malate N NAD NM Oxoloacetate N NADH NM R68n nbsp Oxoloacetate N NADH N Malate N NAD N R69n nbsp Malate N NADP NM Pyruvate N NADPH NM CO2 N R70n nbsp NADP NM NADH NM NADPH NM NAD NM OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AND ATPASE NEURONS R71n nbsp 6 ADP N 2 NADH NM 1 O2 N 6 ATP N 2 NAD NM R72n nbsp 4 ADP N 2 FADH2 NM 1 O2 N 4 ATP N 2 FAD NM R73n nbsp ATP N ADP N GLUTAMATE GLUTAMINE CYCLE R74n nbsp alpha ketoglutarate N NH3 N NADPH NM Glutamate N NADP NM R75c nbsp Glutamate N ATP A Glutamate A ADP A R76a nbsp alpha ketoglutarate A NH3 A NADPH AM Glutamate A NADP AM R77a nbsp Glutamate A NH3 A ATP A Glutamine A ADP A R78c nbsp Glutamine A Glutamine N R79n nbsp Glutamine N Glutamate N NH3 N GABA CYCLE R80n nbsp Glutamate N GABA N CO2 N R81c nbsp GABA N GABA A R82a nbsp GABA A alpha ketoglutarate A Glutamate A SuccinateSAL A R83a nbsp SuccinateSAL A NAD AM NADH AM Succinate A R84n nbsp GABA N alpha ketoglutarate N Glutamate N SuccinateSAL N R85n nbsp SuccinateSAL N NAD NM NADH NM Succinate N ASPARTATE METABOLISM R86n nbsp Oxoloacetate N Glutamate N Aspartate N alpha ketoglutarate N R87c nbsp Aspartate N Aspartate A R88a nbsp Aspartate A alpha ketoglutarate A Oxoloacetate A Glutamate A ALANINE METABOLISM R89n nbsp Pyruvate N Glutamate N alpha ketoglutarate N Alanine N R90c nbsp Alanine N Alanine A R91a nbsp Alanine A alpha ketoglutarate A Pyruvate A Glutamate A GLYCINE SERINE METABOLISM tetrahydrofolate and methylenetetrahydrofolate are not included in the stoichiometric matrix R92a nbsp 3 phosphoglycerate A Glutamate A NAD A Serine A alpha ketoglutarate A NADH A R93a nbsp Serine A Pyruvate A NH3 A R94c nbsp Serine A Serine N R95n nbsp Serine N Glycine N R96c nbsp Glycine N Glycine A R97a nbsp Glycine A NAD AM CO2 A NH3 A NADH AM R98a nbsp Glycine A Serine A LEUCINE METABOLISM R99a nbsp Leucine A alpha ketoglutarate A KIC A Glutamate A R100a nbsp KIC A NAD AM Isovaleryl CoA A CO2 A NADH AM R101a nbsp Isovaleryl CoA A FAD AM CO2 A ATP A Acetoacetate A Acetyl CoA A FADH2 AM ADP A R102a nbsp Acetoacetate A Succinyl CoA A Acetoacetyl CoA A Succinate A R103a nbsp Acetoacetyl CoA A 2 Acetyl CoA A R104c nbsp KIC A KIC N R105n nbsp KIC N Glutamate N Leucine N alpha ketoglutarate N R106c nbsp Leucine N Leucine A VALINE METABOLISM r110a is shared with isoleucine metabolism R107a nbsp Valine A alpha ketoglutarate A KIV A Glutamate A R108a nbsp KIV A NAD AM Isobutyryl CoA A CO2 A NADH AM R109a nbsp Isobutyryl CoA A FAD AM 2 NAD AM FADH2 AM 2 NADH AM CO2 A Propionyl CoA A R110a nbsp Propionyl CoA A CO2 A ATP A Succinyl CoA A ADP A R111c nbsp KIV A KIV N R112n nbsp KIV N Glutamate N Valine N alpha ketoglutarate N R113c nbsp Valine N Valine A ISOLEUCINE METABOLISM R114a nbsp Isoleucine A alpha ketoglutarate A KMV A Glutamate A R115a nbsp KMV A NAD AM Methylbutyryl CoA A CO2 A NADH AM R116a nbsp Methylbutyryl CoA A FAD AM NAD AM FADH2 AM NADH AM Propionyl CoA A Acetyl CoA A R117c nbsp KMV A KMV N R118n nbsp KMV N Glutamate N Isoleucine N alpha ketoglutarate N R119c nbsp Isoleucine N Isoleucine A LYSINE METABOLISM R120n nbsp Lysine N alpha ketoglutarate N NADPH N Saccharopine N NADP N R121n nbsp Saccharopine N NAD N Glutamate N NADH N 2 aminoadipate semialdehyde N R122n nbsp 2 aminoadipate semialdehyde N alpha ketoglutarate N 1 NAD N alpha ketoadipate N Glutamate N 1 NADH N R123n nbsp alpha ketoadipate N 2 NAD NM FAD NM Acetoacetyl CoA N 2 NADH NM FADH2 NM 2 CO2 N R124n nbsp Acetoacetyl CoA N 2 Acetyl CoA N PHENYLALANINE TYROSINE METABOLISM R125n nbsp Phenylalanine N O2 N NADPH N Tyrosine N NADP N R126n nbsp Tyrosine N O2 N L DOPA N R127n nbsp L DOPA N Dopamine N CO2 N R128n nbsp Dopamine N O2 N Norepinephrine N R129n nbsp Norepinephrine N Epinephrine N R130c nbsp Dopamine N Dopamine A R131a nbsp Dopamine A Norepinephrine A TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM R132n nbsp Tryptophan N O2 N 5 hydroxytryptophan N R133n nbsp 5 hydroxytryptophan N Seratonin N CO2 N R134n nbsp Seratonin N Melatonin N ACETYLCHOLINE METABOLISM R135n nbsp Choline N Acetyl CoA N Acetylcholine N CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS Astrocyte Only R136a 18 Acetyl CoA A 18 ATP A 11 O2 A 29 NADPH A 2 NAD A 9 CO2 A Cholesterol A 2 NADH A 18 ADP A 29 NADP A R137c Cholesterol A Cholesterol N FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS R138a nbsp 8 Acetyl CoA A 7 ATP A 14 NADPH A Palmitate A 7 ADP A 14 NADP A R139a nbsp 9 Acetyl CoA A 8 ATP A 16 NADPH A Stearate A 8 ADP A 16 NADP A R140a nbsp 9 Acetyl CoA A 8 ATP A 15 NADPH A Oleate A 8 ADP A 15 NADP A R141a nbsp Linoleate A 2 O2 A 2 NADH A ATP A CO2 A Acetyl CoA A Arachidonate A ADP A 2 NAD A R142a nbsp Linolenate A 3 O2 A 3 NADH A 2 ATP A 2 CO2 A 2 Acetyl CoA A Decosahexenoate A 2 ADP A 3 NAD A R143n nbsp 8 Acetyl CoA N 7 ATP N 14 NADPH N Palmitate N 7 ADP N 14 NADP N R144n nbsp 9 Acetyl CoA N 8 ATP N 16 NADPH N Stearate N 8 ADP N 16 NADP N R145n nbsp 9 Acetyl CoA N 8 ATP N 15 NADPH N Oleate N 8 ADP N 15 NADP N R146c nbsp Arachidonate A Arachidonate N R147c nbsp Decosahexenoate A Decosahexenoate N LIPID SYNTHESIS Astrocytes amp Neurons R148a nbsp 0 270 Palmitate A 0 276 Stearate A 0 249 Oleate A 0 108 Arachidonate A 0 094 Decosahexenoate A 1 FattyAcid A R149n nbsp 0 270 Palmitate N 0 276 Stearate N 0 249 Oleate N 0 108 Arachidonate N 0 094 Decosahexenoate N 1 FattyAcid N R150a nbsp Dihydroxyacetone phosphate A NADH A Glycerol 3 phosphate A NAD A R151a nbsp Glycerol 3 phosphate A FAD AM Dihydroxyacetone phosphate A FADH2 AM R152a nbsp Glycerol 3 phosphate A 2 FattyAcid A Phosphatidate A R153a nbsp Phosphatidate A 3 ATP A Ethanolamine A 3 ADP A Phosphatidyl ethanolamine A R154a nbsp Phosphatidyl ethanolamine A Phosphatidyl choline A R155a nbsp Choline A 3 ATP A Phosphatidate A Phosphatidyl choline A 3 ADP A R156a nbsp Phosphatidyl ethanolamine A Serine A Ethanolamine A Phosphatidyl serine A R157a nbsp Phosphatidyl serine A Phosphatidyl ethanolamine A CO2 A R158n nbsp Dihydroxyacetone phosphate N FADH2 NM Glycerol 3 phosphate N FAD NM R159n nbsp Glycerol 3 phosphate N 2 FattyAcid N Phosphatidate N R160n nbsp Phosphatidate N 3 ATP N Ethanolamine N 3 ADP N Phosphatidyl ethanolamine N R161n nbsp Phosphatidyl ethanolamine N Phosphatidyl choline N R162n nbsp Choline N 3 ATP N Phosphatidate N Phosphatidyl choline N 3 ADP N R163n nbsp Phosphatidyl ethanolamine N Serine N Ethanolamine N Phosphatidyl serine N R164n nbsp Phosphatidyl serine N Phosphatidyl ethanolamine N CO2 N R165a nbsp 0 52 Cholesterol A 0 24 Phosphatidyl ethanolamine A 0 23 Phosphatidyl choline A 0 09 Phosphatidyl serine A Lipid A R166n nbsp 0 52 Cholesterol N 0 24 Phosphatidyl ethanolamine N 0 23 Phosphatidyl choline N 0 09 Phosphatidyl serine N Lipid N REACTIVE oXYGEN SPECIES ROS PATHWAY R167a nbsp Cystine A NADH A 2 Cysteine A NAD A R168a nbsp Cysteine A Glutamate A Glycine A 2 ATP A ReducedGlutathione A 2ADP A R169a nbsp O2 A H2O2 A R170a nbsp 2 ReducedGlutathione A H2O2 A OxidizedGlutathione A R171a nbsp OxidizedGlutathione A NADPH A 2 ReducedGlutathione A NADP A R172a nbsp OxidizedGlutathione A NADPH AM 2 ReducedGlutathione A NADP AM R173a nbsp H2O2 A O2 A R174a nbsp ReducedGlutathione A Glutamine A Glutamate A NH3 A CysteinylGlycine A R175c nbsp CysteinylGlycine A CysteinylGlycine N R176n nbsp CysteinylGlycine N Cysteine N Glycine N R177n nbsp Cysteine N Glutamate N Glycine N 2 ATP N ReducedGlutathione N 2ADP N R178n nbsp O2 N H2O2 N R179n nbsp 2 ReducedGlutathione N H2O2 N OxidizedGlutathione N R180n nbsp OxidizedGlutathione N NADPH N 2 ReducedGlutathione N NADP N R181n nbsp OxidizedGlutathione N NADPH NM 2 ReducedGlutathione N NADP NM R182n H2O2 N O2 N GLYCOGEN DEGRADATION METABOLISM active in stressed conditions R183a nbsp Glycogen Glucose 1 phosphate A R184a nbsp Glucose 1 phosphate A Glucose 6 phosphate A EXCHANGE REACTIONS LACatr nbsp Lactate A Lactate AEX LACntr nbsp Lactate N Lactate NEX CO2atr nbsp CO2 A CO2 AEX CO2ntr nbsp CO2 N CO2 NEX GLNatr nbsp Glutamine A Glutamine AEX DOPntr nbsp Dopamine N Dopamine NEX NOREPntr Norepinephrine N Norepinephrine NEX EPntr nbsp Epinephrine N Epinephrine NEX NOREPatr Norepinephrine A Norepinephrine AEX SERTntr nbsp Seratonin N Seratonin NEX MELTntr nbsp Melatonin N Melatonin NEX CHLNntr nbsp Acetylcholine N Acetylcholine NEX LPDntr nbsp Lipid N Lipid NEX LPDatr nbsp Lipid A Lipid AEX LNLTatr nbsp Linoleate AEX Linoleate A LNLNTatr nbsp Linolenate AEX Linolenate A CHLntr nbsp Choline NEX Choline N CHLatr nbsp Choline AEX Choline A CYSatr nbsp Cystine AEX Cystine A GSHntr nbsp ReducedGlutathione N ReducedGlutathione NEX GLCatr nbsp GLC AEX Glucose A GLCntr nbsp GLC NEX Glucose N O2atr nbsp O2 AEX O2 A O2ntr nbsp O2 NEX O2 N LEUatr nbsp LEU AEX Leucine A ILEatr nbsp ILE AEX Isoleucine A VALatr nbsp VAL AEX Valine A TYRntr nbsp TYR NEX Tyrosine N TRPntr nbsp TRP NEX Tryptophan N LYSntr nbsp LYS NEX Lysine N PHEntr nbsp PHE NEX Phenylalanine N NH3atr nbsp NH3 AEX NH3 A Associated media Image Major metabolic fluxes in neuron astrocyte coupling for resting conditions pngkhabrryayodyyxithyephimkhabrryaythrrthdediywephuxkhyaykhwamwaiflnimixairixethmthiaesdngxyuiniflniprakxbdwysthanalikhsiththimilikhsiththisyyaxnuyatCreative Commons Attribution 2 0 Generic nbsp xngkvswnthisrang wnkxtng17 thnwakhm 2007 prawtiifl khlikwnthi ewlaephuxduiflthipraktinkhnann wnthi ewlarupyxkhnadphuichkhwamehn pccubn00 13 18 thnwakhm 2550995 665 295 kiolibt OldakQuill Information Description The figure description provided by the article CC BY Thick arrows show uptake and release reactions Dashed arrows indicate shuttle of metabolites between two cell types Glutamate and a ketoglutarate in transamination reac 00 08 18 thnwakhm 2550995 665 2 53 emkaibt OldakQuill Information Description The figure description provided by the article CC BY Thick arrows show uptake and release reactions Dashed arrows indicate shuttle of metabolites between two cell types Glutamate and a ketoglutarate in transamination reac hnathimiphaphni hnatxipni oyngmathiphaphni aexsothrist karichiflswnklang wikixuntxipniichiflni karichbn az wikipedia org Istifadeci Istifadeci Sehri Memmedova Astrocyte Astrositler karichbn bs wikipedia org Astrocit karichbn en wikipedia org Astrocyte User Laurenferruccio sandbox karichbn gl wikipedia org Astrocito karichbn hy wikipedia org Աստրոցիտ karichbn ko wikipedia org 별아교세포 karichbn pt wikipedia org Astrocito karichbn ru wikipedia org Astrocit karichbn uz wikipedia org Astrocyte Astrotsit karichbn zh wikipedia org 星形膠質細胞 ekhathungcak https th wikipedia org wiki ifl Metabolic interactions between astrocytes and neurons with major reactions png, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
