Goodwin, T. Murphy; Montoro, Martin N.; Muderspach, Laila; Paulson, Richard; Roy, Subir (2010). Management of Common Problems in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ภาษาอังกฤษ) (5 ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 494–496. ISBN978-1-4443-9034-6. จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2017-11-05.
"IUD (intrauterine device)". Contraception guide. NHS Choices. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2 March 2014. the intrauterine device, or IUD (sometimes called a coil)
Winner, B; Peipert, JF; Zhao, Q; Buckel, C; Madden, T; Allsworth, JE; Secura, GM (2012). "Effectiveness of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception". New England Journal of Medicine. 366 (21): 1998–2007. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1110855. PMID 22621627.
Committee on Adolescent Health Care Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Working Group, The American College of Obstetricians and, Gynecologists (October 2012). "Committee opinion no. 539: adolescents and long-acting reversible contraception: implants and intrauterine devices". Obstetrics and gynecology. 120 (4): 983–8. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182723b7d. PMID 22996129.
Black, K; Lotke, P.; Buhling, K.J.; Zite, N.B.; และคณะ (Intrauterine contraception for Nulliparous women: Translating Research into Action (INTRA), group) (October 2012). "A review of barriers and myths preventing the more widespread use of intrauterine contraception in nulliparous women". The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care. 17 (5): 340–50. doi:10.3109/13625187.2012.700744. PMC4950459. PMID 22834648.
Tommaso Falcone; William W. Hurd, บ.ก. (2007). Clinical reproductive medicine and surgery. Philadelphia: Mosby. p. 409. ISBN9780323033091.
Hurt, K. Joseph; และคณะ, บ.ก. (2012-03-28). The Johns Hopkins manual of gynecology and obstetrics (4th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 232. ISBN978-1-60547-433-5.
Callahan, Tamara; Caughey, Aaron B. (2013). Blueprints Obstetrics and Gynecology (ภาษาอังกฤษ). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 320. ISBN9781451117028.
Sonfield, Adam (Fall 2007). "Popularity Disparity: Attitudes About the IUD in Europe and the United States". Guttmacher Policy Review. Guttmacher Institute. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-06-04.
Treiman K, Liskin L, Kols A, Rinehart W (1995), "IUDs – an update" (PDF), Popul Rep B (6): 1–35, PMID 8724322, สืบค้นเมื่อ 2006-01-01
"Mechanisms of the Contraceptive Action of Hormonal Methods and Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)". Family Health International. 2006. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2006-07-05.
Oritz ME, Croxatto HB (2007). "Copper-T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system: biological bases of their mechanism of action". Contraception. 75 (6 Suppl): S16–S30. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2007.01.020. PMID 17531610.
"Facts are Important: Emergency Contraception (EC) and Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) are Not Abortifacients" (PDF). American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. June 12, 2014. สืบค้นเมื่อ July 14, 2015. Copper ions released from the IUD create an environment that is toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization.14 Copper can also alter the endometrial lining, but studies show that this alteration can prevent implantation, but not disrupt implantation
Kulier R, O'Brien PA, Helmerhorst FM, Usher-Patel M, D'Arcangues C (2007), "Copper containing, framed intra-uterine devices for contraception", Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4): CD005347, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005347.PUB3, PMID 17943851
Speroff, Leon; Darney, Philip D. (2011). "Intrauterine contraception". A clinical guide for contraception (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 239–280. ISBN978-1-60831-610-6.
Hatcher, Robert A. (2011). Contraceptive technology (20th rev. ed.). [New York, N.Y.]: Ardent Media. p. 162. ISBN978-1-59708-004-0.
Luis Bahamondes; M Valeria Bahamondes; Ilza Monteiro (2008), "Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system: uses and controversies.", Expert Review of Medical Devices, 5: 437–45, doi:10.1586/17434440.5.4.437, PMID 18573044
Malik S (January 2013). "Levonorgestrel-IUS system and endometrial manipulation". J Midlife Health. 4 (1): 6–7. doi:10.4103/0976-7800.109625. PMC3702070. PMID 23833526.
Ortiz, ME; Croxatto HB (June 2007). "Copper-T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system: biological bases of their mechanism of action". Contraception. 75 (6): S16-30. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2007.01.020. PMID 17531610.
ESHRE Capri Workshop Group (April 2008). "Intrauterine devices and intrauterine systems". Human Reproduction Update. 14 (3): 197–208. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmn003. PMID 18400840.
วงอนาม, ยค, มกำเน, หร, ไอย, งกฤษ, intrauterine, device, intrauterine, contraceptive, device, iucd, coil, เป, นอ, ปกรณ, มกำเน, ดขนาดเล, กม, ปร, างคล, ายต, ใช, โดยการใส, เข, าไปในมดล, กเพ, อป, องก, นการต, งครรภ, การใช, วงอนาม, ยเป, นหน, งในว, มกำเน, ดระยะยาวท, อ. hwngxnamykhumkaenid hrux ixyudi xngkvs Intrauterine device IUD intrauterine contraceptive device IUCD ICD coil 2 epnxupkrnkhumkaenidkhnadelk mkmiruprangkhlaytw T ichodykarisekhaipinmdlukephuxpxngknkartngkhrrph karichhwngxnamyepnhnunginwithikhumkaenidrayayawthiyxnklbid 3 phuichhwngxnamyaelayakhumkaenidaebbfngmikhwamphungphxicsungsudemuxethiybkbphuichkarkhumkaenidwithixun 4 hlkthanthangnganwicysnbsnunthngprasiththiphlaelakhwamplxdphykhxnghwngxnamy emuxichkbwyrunaelakhnthiimekhymiluk 5 emuxthxdhwngxnamyxxkkhwamecriyphnthukhxngphuichcaklbmaxyangrwderwaemcaichmaepnewlanan 6 oxkaslmehlwkhxnghwngxnamychnidekhluxbthxngaedngxyuthipraman 0 8 swnaebbhlnghxromnxyuthipraman 0 2 inkarichpiaerk 7 hwngxnamykhumkaenidhwngxnamykhumkaenidchnidekhluxbthxngaedng yihx Paragard run T 380A khwamruphunthanpraephthkarkhumkaenidinmdlukerimichkhrngaerkkhristthswrrs 1970 1 xtrakarlmehlw piaerk emuxichxyangthuktxng lt 1 emuxichaebbthwip lt 1 karichsingthiphuichkhwrru khxdikhxesiypxngknorkhtidtxthangephssmphnthimpracaeduxn nahnk khxdi hwngxnamyhumthxngaedngxacephimprimankhxngpracaeduxnaelaxacthaihpwdthxngmakkhun swnhwngxnamyaebbhlnghxromnxacthaihpracaeduxnmanxylnghruximmaely xakarpwdpracaeduxnsamarthbrrethadwyyaaekxkesbchnidimichsetxrxyd NSAID phlkrathbthixactammaidaek expulsion 2 5 aelamdlukchikkhadthiekidkhunimbxynk nxykwa 0 7 8 hwngxnamyimsngphlkrthbtxkarihnmbutr aelasamarthtidtngthnthihlngkhlxdluk 9 nxkcakniyngsamarthichthnthihlngkarthaaethng 10 karichhwngxnamyephuxkhumkaeniderimkhuninsmykhriststwrrsthi 18 11 aebbcalxngkxnhnanithukeriykwa Dalkon shield sungthukphbwaephimkhwamesiyngkhxngkartidechuxinxungechingkran pelvic inflammatory disease xyangirktam hwngxnamyrunpccubnimkxihekidkhwamesiyngnihakphuichimmiorkhtidtxthangephssmphnthtxnchwngewlatidtng 12 enuxha 1 praephth 1 1 chnidekhluxbthxngaedng 1 2 chnidekhluxbhxromn 1 3 chnidimekhluxbsarhruxhxromn 2 xangxing 3 aehlngkhxmulxunpraephth aekikhpraephthaelachuxkhxnghwngxnamykhumkaenidaetktangknipinaetlapraeths inshrthxemrikamixyusxngpraephth idaek 13 hwngxnamythxngaedngchnidimekhluxbhxromn Nonhormonal copper IUD phayitchux ParaGard aelaxun hwngxnamyekhluxbhxromnophrecsotecn IUD with progestogen phayitchux Mirena aelaxun chnidekhluxbthxngaedng aekikh hwngxnamyruptw T chnidekhluxbthxngaedngthimiesnsahrbdungxxk hwngxnamyemuxduphanexkseryechingkran hwngxnamyekhluxbthxngaedngthanganodykhdkhwangkarekhluxnihwaelasrangkhwamesiyhaytxtwxsuciephuxhyudimihipptisnthikbesllikh thxngaedngthahnathiepnsarkhaechuxxsuciinmdluk ephimradbixxxnthxngaedng ophrstaaeklndin aelaemdeluxkkhawinkhxngehlwthngphayinthxnaikhaelainmdluk 14 radbkhxngixxxnthxngaedngthiephiminmukchxngkhlxdhyudyngkarekhluxntwaelakhatwxsuci thaihtwxsuciimsamarthedinthangphanmukchxngkhlxd 15 thxngaedngyngsamarthepliynaeplngeyuxbuophrngmdluk thwanganwicyaesdngwakarepliynaeplngsamarthhyudkarfngtwkhxngesllikhthiptisnthiaelwid thwaimsamarthkhdkhwangesllikhthithukfngipaelw 16 hwngxnamyekhluxbthxngaedngmixtrakarlmehlwinpiaerktngaet 0 1 thung 2 2 17 khxesiyidaek oxkasthipracaeduxncamamakkhunaelaxacpwdthxngmakkhun 18 chnidekhluxbhxromn aekikh hwngxnamychnidekhluxbhxromn Mirena hwngxnamychnidekhluxbhxromn phayitaebrnd Mirena Skyla Kyleena aela Liletta thanganodykarplxyhxromn liownxrecsetrl levonorgestrel aela ophrecntin progestin klikhlkkhuxkarthaihtwxsuciimsamarthmichiwitxyukhanginkhxngmdluk 19 20 hwngxnamychnidekhluxbhxromnyngsamarthichephuxrksaxakarpracaeduxnmamakphidpkti menorrhagia dwykhwamsamarthinkarldkhwamhnakhxngeyuxbuophrngmdlukcungthaihpracaeduxnnxylnghruximmielyid 21 ophrecstinthihlngxxkmacakhwngxnamychnidekhluxbhxromnmiphlechphaathi 22 chnidimekhluxbsarhruxhxromn aekikh hwngxnamychnidimekhluxbsarhruxhxromnepnhwngxnamythiimmiswnprakxbkhxngsarxxkvththithangchiwphaph odythacakwsduthiimthaptikiriyathangekhmi echn aehwnehlkklairsnim hrux phlastik miprasiththiphltakwahwngxnamychnidekhluxbthxngaednghruxhxromn aelamiphlkhangekhiyngkhlayaebbekhluxbthxngaedng klikhlkkhuxkarthaihsphaphaewdlxmphayinmdlukimehmaasmsahrbtwxsuciaelakarfngtwkhxngesllikh 23 xacmixtrakarpxngknkartngkhrrphsungkwahlngkarptisnthi tangcakhwngxnamyaebbekhluxbthxngaednghruxhxromnthimkihphlkxnkarptisnthi 24 xangxing aekikh Goodwin T Murphy Montoro Martin N Muderspach Laila Paulson Richard Roy Subir 2010 Management of Common Problems in Obstetrics and Gynecology phasaxngkvs 5 ed John Wiley amp Sons pp 494 496 ISBN 978 1 4443 9034 6 ekb cakaehlngedimemux 2017 11 05 IUD intrauterine device Contraception guide NHS Choices subkhnemux 2 March 2014 the intrauterine device or IUD sometimes called a coil Winner B Peipert JF Zhao Q Buckel C Madden T Allsworth JE Secura GM 2012 Effectiveness of Long Acting Reversible Contraception New England Journal of Medicine 366 21 1998 2007 doi 10 1056 NEJMoa1110855 PMID 22621627 Committee on Adolescent Health Care Long Acting Reversible Contraception Working Group The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists October 2012 Committee opinion no 539 adolescents and long acting reversible contraception implants and intrauterine devices Obstetrics and gynecology 120 4 983 8 doi 10 1097 AOG 0b013e3182723b7d PMID 22996129 Black K Lotke P Buhling K J Zite N B aelakhna Intrauterine contraception for Nulliparous women Translating Research into Action INTRA group October 2012 A review of barriers and myths preventing the more widespread use of intrauterine contraception in nulliparous women The European Journal of Contraception amp Reproductive Health Care 17 5 340 50 doi 10 3109 13625187 2012 700744 PMC 4950459 PMID 22834648 Tommaso Falcone William W Hurd b k 2007 Clinical reproductive medicine and surgery Philadelphia Mosby p 409 ISBN 9780323033091 Hurt K Joseph aelakhna b k 2012 03 28 The Johns Hopkins manual of gynecology and obstetrics 4th ed Philadelphia Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins p 232 ISBN 978 1 60547 433 5 Marnach ML Long ME Casey PM March 2013 Current issues in contraception Mayo Clinic Proceedings 88 3 295 9 doi 10 1016 j mayocp 2013 01 007 PMID 23489454 Gabbe Steven 2012 Obstetrics Normal and Problem Pregnancies Elsevier Health Sciences p 527 ISBN 9781455733958 Steenland MW Tepper NK Curtis KM Kapp N November 2011 Intrauterine contraceptive insertion postabortion a systematic review Contraception 84 5 447 64 doi 10 1016 j contraception 2011 03 007 PMID 22018119 Callahan Tamara Caughey Aaron B 2013 Blueprints Obstetrics and Gynecology phasaxngkvs Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins p 320 ISBN 9781451117028 Sonfield Adam Fall 2007 Popularity Disparity Attitudes About the IUD in Europe and the United States Guttmacher Policy Review Guttmacher Institute subkhnemux 2016 06 04 Treiman K Liskin L Kols A Rinehart W 1995 IUDs an update PDF Popul Rep B 6 1 35 PMID 8724322 subkhnemux 2006 01 01 Mechanisms of the Contraceptive Action of Hormonal Methods and Intrauterine Devices IUDs Family Health International 2006 subkhnemux 2006 07 05 Oritz ME Croxatto HB 2007 Copper T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system biological bases of their mechanism of action Contraception 75 6 Suppl S16 S30 doi 10 1016 j contraception 2007 01 020 PMID 17531610 Facts are Important Emergency Contraception EC and Intrauterine Devices IUDs are Not Abortifacients PDF American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists June 12 2014 subkhnemux July 14 2015 Copper ions released from the IUD create an environment that is toxic to sperm preventing fertilization 14 Copper can also alter the endometrial lining but studies show that this alteration can prevent implantation but not disrupt implantation Kulier R O Brien PA Helmerhorst FM Usher Patel M D Arcangues C 2007 Copper containing framed intra uterine devices for contraception Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 CD005347 doi 10 1002 14651858 CD005347 PUB3 PMID 17943851 Grimes D A 2007 Hatcher R A Nelson T J Guest F Kowal D b k Intrauterine Devices IUDs Contraceptive Technology 19th ed New York Ardent Media Speroff Leon Darney Philip D 2011 Intrauterine contraception A clinical guide for contraception 5th ed Philadelphia Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins pp 239 280 ISBN 978 1 60831 610 6 Hatcher Robert A 2011 Contraceptive technology 20th rev ed New York N Y Ardent Media p 162 ISBN 978 1 59708 004 0 Luis Bahamondes M Valeria Bahamondes Ilza Monteiro 2008 Levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system uses and controversies Expert Review of Medical Devices 5 437 45 doi 10 1586 17434440 5 4 437 PMID 18573044 Malik S January 2013 Levonorgestrel IUS system and endometrial manipulation J Midlife Health 4 1 6 7 doi 10 4103 0976 7800 109625 PMC 3702070 PMID 23833526 Ortiz ME Croxatto HB June 2007 Copper T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system biological bases of their mechanism of action Contraception 75 6 S16 30 doi 10 1016 j contraception 2007 01 020 PMID 17531610 ESHRE Capri Workshop Group April 2008 Intrauterine devices and intrauterine systems Human Reproduction Update 14 3 197 208 doi 10 1093 humupd dmn003 PMID 18400840 aehlngkhxmulxun aekikhkhxmmxns miphaphaelasuxekiywkb hwngxnamykhumkaenid ekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title hwngxnamykhumkaenid amp oldid 9837445, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,