Three Supreme Court rulings in June 2020 confirmed that employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity is necessarily a form of discrimination on the basis of sex and is therefore also outlawed by the Civil Rights Act. See Bostock v. Clayton County, and also see below for more details.
The three landmark Supreme Court rulings in June 2020 were Bostock v. Clayton County, Georgia; Altitude Express, Inc. v. Zarda; and R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes Inc. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
อ้างอิง
"Transcript of Civil Rights Act (1964)". Retrieved July 28, 2012.
Liptak, Adam (2020-06-15). "Civil Rights Law Protects Gay and Transgender Workers, Supreme Court Rules". The New York Times (ภาษาอังกฤษ). ISSN 0362-4331. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2020-06-15.
บรรณานุกรม
Branch, Taylor (1998), Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years 1963–65, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Freeman, Jo. "How 'Sex' Got Into Title VII: Persistent Opportunism as a Maker of Public Policy" Law and Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice, Vol. 9, No. 2, March 1991, pp. 163–184. online version
Golway, Terry (2010). JFK: Day by Day: A Chronicle of the 1,036 Days of John F. Kennedy's Presidency. Running Press. ISBN9780762437429.
Harrison, Cynthia (1988), On Account of Sex: The Politics of Women's Issues 1945–1968, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Jeong, Gyung-Ho, Gary J. Miller, and Itai Sened, "Closing the Deal: Negotiating Civil Rights Legislation", American Political Science Review, 103 (Nov. 2009)
Loevy, Robert D. ed. (1997), The Civil Rights Act of 1964: The Passage of the Law That Ended Racial Segregation, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
อ่านเพิ่มเติม
Brauer, Carl M., "Women Activists, Southern Conservatives, and the Prohibition of Sexual Discrimination in Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act", 49 Journal of Southern History, February 1983.
Burstein, Paul (1985), Discrimination, Jobs and Politics: The Struggle for Equal Employment Opportunity in the United States since the New Deal, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Finley, Keith M. (2008), Delaying the Dream: Southern Senators and the Fight Against Civil Rights, 1938–1965, Baton Rouge: LSU Press.
Graham, Hugh (1990), The Civil Rights Era: Origins and Development of National Policy, 1960–1972, New York: Oxford University Press.
Gregory, Raymond F. (2014). The Civil Rights Act and the Battle to End Workplace Discrimination. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
Loevy, Robert D. (1990), To End All Segregation: The Politics of the Passage of The Civil Rights Act of 1964, Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Loevy, Robert D. "The Presidency and Domestic Policy: The Civil Rights Act of 1964," in David C. Kozak and Kenneth N. Ciboski, ed., The American Presidency (Chicago: Nelson Hall, 1985), pp. 411–419. online version
Mann, Robert (1996). The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell, and the Struggle for Civil Rights.
Pedriana, Nicholas, and Stryker, Robin. "The Strength of a Weak Agency: Enforcement of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the Expansion of State Capacity, 1965–1971," American Journal of Sociology, Nov 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 3, pp 709–760
Revolution in Civil Rights. Congressional Quarterly Service. 1967. OCLC 894988538.
Rodriguez, Daniel B. and Weingast, Barry R. "The Positive Political Theory of Legislative History: New Perspectives on the 1964 Civil Rights Act and Its Interpretation", University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 151. (2003) online
Rothstein, Mark A., Andria S. Knapp & Lance Liebman (1987). Employment Law: Cases and Materials. Foundation Press.
Warren, Dan R. (2008), If It Takes All Summer: Martin Luther King, the KKK, and States' Rights in St. Augustine, 1964, Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
Whalen, Charles and Whalen, Barbara (1985), The Longest Debate: A Legislative History of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, Cabin John, MD: Seven Locks Press.
Woods, Randall B. (2006), LBJ: Architect of American Ambition, New York: Free Press, ch 22.
Zimmer, Michael J., Charles A. Sullivan & Richard F. Richards, Cases and Materials on Employment Discrimination, Little, Brown and Company (1982).
Narrative: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 - Provided by The Dirksen Center
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - Provided by the Civil Rights Digital Library
สิงหาคม 03, 2021
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necessarily a form of discrimination on the basis of sex and is therefore also outlawed by the Civil Rights Act See Bostock v Clayton County and also see below for more details The three landmark Supreme Court rulings in June 2020 were Bostock v Clayton County Georgia Altitude Express Inc v Zarda and R G amp G R Harris Funeral Homes Inc v Equal Employment Opportunity Commission xangxing aekikh Transcript of Civil Rights Act 1964 Retrieved July 28 2012 HR 7152 PASSAGE Senate Vote 409 Jun 19 1964 GovTrack us Liptak Adam 2020 06 15 Civil Rights Law Protects Gay and Transgender Workers Supreme Court Rules The New York Times phasaxngkvs ISSN 0362 4331 subkhnemux 2020 06 15 brrnanukrm aekikhBranch Taylor 1998 Pillar of Fire America in the King Years 1963 65 New York Simon amp Schuster Freeman Jo How Sex Got Into Title VII Persistent Opportunism as a Maker of Public Policy Law and Inequality A Journal of Theory and Practice Vol 9 No 2 March 1991 pp 163 184 online version Golway Terry 2010 JFK Day by Day A Chronicle of the 1 036 Days of John F Kennedy s Presidency Running Press ISBN 9780762437429 Harrison Cynthia 1988 On Account of Sex The Politics of Women s Issues 1945 1968 Berkeley CA University of California Press Jeong Gyung Ho Gary J Miller and Itai Sened Closing the Deal Negotiating Civil Rights Legislation American Political Science Review 103 Nov 2009 Loevy Robert D ed 1997 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 The Passage of the Law That Ended Racial Segregation Albany NY State University of New York Press xanephimetim aekikhBrauer Carl M Women Activists Southern Conservatives and the Prohibition of Sexual Discrimination in Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act 49 Journal of Southern History February 1983 Burstein Paul 1985 Discrimination Jobs and Politics The Struggle for Equal Employment Opportunity in the United States since the New Deal Chicago University of Chicago Press Finley Keith M 2008 Delaying the Dream Southern Senators and the Fight Against Civil Rights 1938 1965 Baton Rouge LSU Press Graham Hugh 1990 The Civil Rights Era Origins and Development of National Policy 1960 1972 New York Oxford University Press Gregory Raymond F 2014 The Civil Rights Act and the Battle to End Workplace Discrimination Lanham MD Rowman and Littlefield Loevy Robert D 1990 To End All Segregation The Politics of the Passage of The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Lanham MD University Press of America Loevy Robert D The Presidency and Domestic Policy The Civil Rights Act of 1964 in David C Kozak and Kenneth N Ciboski ed The American Presidency Chicago Nelson Hall 1985 pp 411 419 online version Mann Robert 1996 The Walls of Jericho Lyndon Johnson Hubert Humphrey Richard Russell and the Struggle for Civil Rights Pedriana Nicholas and Stryker Robin The Strength of a Weak Agency Enforcement of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the Expansion of State Capacity 1965 1971 American Journal of Sociology Nov 2004 Vol 110 Issue 3 pp 709 760 Revolution in Civil Rights Congressional Quarterly Service 1967 OCLC 894988538 Rodriguez Daniel B and Weingast Barry R The Positive Political Theory of Legislative History New Perspectives on the 1964 Civil Rights Act and Its Interpretation University of Pennsylvania Law Review Vol 151 2003 online Rothstein Mark A Andria S Knapp amp Lance Liebman 1987 Employment Law Cases and Materials Foundation Press Warren Dan R 2008 If It Takes All Summer Martin Luther King the KKK and States Rights in St Augustine 1964 Tuscaloosa AL University of Alabama Press Whalen Charles and Whalen Barbara 1985 The Longest Debate A Legislative History of the 1964 Civil Rights Act Cabin John MD Seven Locks Press Woods Randall B 2006 LBJ Architect of American Ambition New York Free Press ch 22 Zimmer Michael J Charles A Sullivan amp Richard F Richards Cases and Materials on Employment Discrimination Little Brown and Company 1982 aehlngkhxmulxun aekikhkhnhaekiywkb rthbyytisiththiphlemuxng kh s 1964 ephimthiokhrngkarphinxngkhxngwikiphiediy 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