Hathaway, Jane (2012). A Tale of Two Factions: Myth, Memory, and Identity in Ottoman Egypt and Yemen. SUNY Press. p. 97. ISBN9780791486108.
Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN 1076-156X. สืบค้นเมื่อ 12 September 2016.
Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 495. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.
Ilahiane, Hsain (2004). Ethnicities, Community Making, and Agrarian Change: The Political Ecology of a Moroccan Oasis. University Press of America. p. 43. ISBN978-0-7618-2876-1.
Julia Ashtiany; T. M. Johnstone; J. D. Latham; R. B. Serjeant; G. Rex Smith, บ.ก. (30 March 1990). Abbasid Belles Lettres. Cambridge University Press. p. 13. ISBN978-0-521-24016-1.
Wintle, Justin (May 2003). History of Islam. London: Rough Guides Ltd. pp. 136–7. ISBN978-1-84353-018-3.
Pollard;Rosenberg;Tignor, Elizabeth;Clifford;Robert (2011). Worlds together Worlds Apart. New York, New York: Norton. p. 313. ISBN9780393918472.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Baer, Eva (1983). Metalwork in Medieval Islamic Art. SUNY Press. p. xxiii. ISBN9780791495575. In the course of the later eleventh and twelfth century, however, the Fatimid caliphate declined rapidly, and in 1171 the country was invaded by Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn, the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. He restored Egypt as a political power, reincorporated it in the Abbasid caliphate and established Ayyubid suzerainty not only over Egypt and Syria but, as mentioned above, temporarily over northern Mesopotamia as well.
al-Mustanṣir Encyclopædia Britannica
Wilson B. Bishai (1968). Islamic History of the Middle East: Backgrounds, Development, and Fall of the Arab Empire. Allyn and Bacon. Nevertheless, the Seljuqs of Syria kept the Crusaders occupied for several years until the reign of the last Fatimid Caliph al-Adid (1160–1171) when, in the face of a Crusade threat, the caliph appointed a warrior of the Seljuq regime by the name of Shirkuh to be his chief minister.
สารานุกรม
Brett, Michael (2001). The Rise of the Fatimids: The World of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the Fourth Century of the Hijra, Tenth Century CE. The Medieval Mediterranean. 30. Leiden: BRILL. ISBN978-9004117419.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
แม่แบบ:EI2
Cortese, Delia, "Fatimids", in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God (2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014, Vol I, pp. 187–191.
Halm, Heinz (1996). The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids. Handbook of Oriental Studies. 26. Translated by Michael Bonner. Leiden: BRILL. ISBN978-9004100565.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
แม่แบบ:The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates
แม่แบบ:EI3
Lev, Yaacov (1987). "Army, Regime, and Society in Fatimid Egypt, 358–487/968–1094". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 19 (3): 337–365. doi:10.1017/S0020743800056762. JSTOR 163658.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Walker, Paul E. (2002). Exploring an Islamic Empire: Fatimid History and its Sources. London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN9781860646928.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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Egypt and Yemen SUNY Press p 97 ISBN 9780791486108 Turchin Peter Adams Jonathan M Hall Thomas D December 2006 East West Orientation of Historical Empires Journal of World systems Research 12 2 222 ISSN 1076 156X subkhnemux 12 September 2016 Rein Taagepera September 1997 Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities Context for Russia International Studies Quarterly 41 3 495 doi 10 1111 0020 8833 00053 JSTOR 2600793 Ilahiane Hsain 2004 Ethnicities Community Making and Agrarian Change The Political Ecology of a Moroccan Oasis University Press of America p 43 ISBN 978 0 7618 2876 1 Julia Ashtiany T M Johnstone J D Latham R B Serjeant G Rex Smith b k 30 March 1990 Abbasid Belles Lettres Cambridge University Press p 13 ISBN 978 0 521 24016 1 Wintle Justin May 2003 History of Islam London Rough Guides Ltd pp 136 7 ISBN 978 1 84353 018 3 Pollard Rosenberg Tignor Elizabeth Clifford Robert 2011 Worlds together Worlds Apart New York New York Norton p 313 ISBN 9780393918472 CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Baer Eva 1983 Metalwork in Medieval Islamic Art SUNY Press p xxiii ISBN 9780791495575 In the course of the later eleventh and twelfth century however the Fatimid caliphate declined rapidly and in 1171 the country was invaded by Ṣalaḥ ad Din the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty He restored Egypt as a political power reincorporated it in the Abbasid caliphate and established Ayyubid suzerainty not only over Egypt and Syria but as mentioned above temporarily over northern Mesopotamia as well al Mustanṣir Encyclopaedia Britannica Wilson B Bishai 1968 Islamic History of the Middle East Backgrounds Development and Fall of the Arab Empire Allyn and Bacon Nevertheless the Seljuqs of Syria kept the Crusaders occupied for several years until the reign of the last Fatimid Caliph al Adid 1160 1171 when in the face of a Crusade threat the caliph appointed a warrior of the Seljuq regime by the name of Shirkuh to be his chief minister saranukrm aekikhBrett Michael 2001 The Rise of the Fatimids The World of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the Fourth Century of the Hijra Tenth Century CE The Medieval Mediterranean 30 Leiden BRILL ISBN 978 9004117419 CS1 maint ref harv link aemaebb EI2 Cortese Delia Fatimids in Muhammad in History Thought and Culture An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God 2 vols Edited by C Fitzpatrick and A Walker Santa Barbara ABC CLIO 2014 Vol I pp 187 191 aemaebb Daftary The Ismailis Daftary Farhad 1999 FATIMIDS Encyclopaedia Iranica Vol IX Fasc 4 pp 423 426 CS1 maint ref harv link Halm Heinz 1996 The Empire of the Mahdi The Rise of the Fatimids Handbook of Oriental Studies 26 Translated by Michael Bonner Leiden BRILL ISBN 978 9004100565 CS1 maint ref harv link aemaebb The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates aemaebb EI3 Lev Yaacov 1987 Army Regime and Society in Fatimid Egypt 358 487 968 1094 International Journal of Middle East Studies 19 3 337 365 doi 10 1017 S0020743800056762 JSTOR 163658 CS1 maint ref harv link Walker Paul E 2002 Exploring an Islamic Empire Fatimid History and its Sources London I B Tauris ISBN 9781860646928 CS1 maint ref harv link aemaebb Encyclopaedia Islamicaaehlngkhxmulxun aekikhkhxmmxns miphaphaelasuxekiywkb rthekhaalifahfatimiyahFatimids entry in the Encyclopaedia of the Orient The Institute of Ismaili Studies London The Shia Fatimid Dynasty in Egypt bthkhwamekiywkbprawtisastrniyngepnokhrng khunsamarthchwywikiphiediyidodyephimkhxmul duephimthi sthaniyxy prawtisastrekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title rthekhaalifahfatimiyah amp oldid 9083913, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
