Paine, R. T. (1995). "A Conversation on Refining the Concept of Keystone Species". Conservation Biology. 9 (4): 962–964. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09040962.x.
Davic, Robert D. (2003). "Linking Keystone Species and Functional Groups: A New Operational Definition of the Keystone Species Concept". Conservation Ecology. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-02-03.
Maehr, David; Noss, Reed F.; Larkin, Jeffery L. (2001). Large Mammal Restoration: Ecological And Sociological Challenges In The 21St Century. Island Press. p. 73. ISBN978-1-55963-817-3.
สิงหาคม 08, 2021
งม, ตหล, บทความน, องการการจ, ดหน, ดหมวดหม, ใส, งก, ภายใน, หร, อเก, บกวาดเน, อหา, ให, ณภาพด, ณสามารถปร, บปร, งแก, ไขบทความน, ได, และนำป, ายออก, จารณาใช, ายข, อความอ, นเพ, อช, ดข, อบกพร, องชน, ดหล, งกฤษ, keystone, species, เป, นสายพ, นธ, งม, สป, ผลกระทบอย, างใหญ. bthkhwamnitxngkarkarcdhna cdhmwdhmu islingkphayin hruxekbkwadenuxha ihmikhunphaphdikhun khunsamarthprbprungaekikhbthkhwamniid aelanapayxxk phicarnaichpaykhxkhwamxunephuxchichdkhxbkphrxngchnidhlk xngkvs Keystone species epnsayphnthusingmichiwit spichis thimiphlkrathbxyangihyhlwngtxsphaphaewdlxmthangthrrmchati aelarabbniews emuxethiybkbcanwnprachakrkhxngmn sayphnthudngklawmibthbathsakhy inkarrksaokhrngsrangkhxngchumchnrabbniews thaihmiphltxsingmichiwitxun xikmakmayinrabbniews aelamibthbathinkarkahndpraephthaelacanwnkhxngsayphnthuxun inchumchn sayphnthukhiysotnepnphuchhruxstw thimibthbathsakhyepnexklksn sahrbkarthanganaelakhngxyukhxngrabbniews hakimmisayphnthukhiysotn rabbniewskcaphnaepripxyangkhadimthung hruxxacthungkhnadsuysinipelykid sayphnthukhiysotnbangsayphnthu epnphulaxndbbnsudkhxnghwngosxahar echn hmapasietha aetkmibangsayphnthuthithahnathixun echn epnsayphnthusmchiph symbiont rwmkbsayphnthuxunesuxcarkw epnthngsayphnthukhiysotn sayphnthuihrmenga aelaepnphulaxndbbnsudkhxnghwngosxahar aenwkhid monthsn ineruxngsayphnthukhiysotn thuknaesnxepnkhrngaerkinpi kh s 1969 odynkstwwithya orebirt thi ephn Robert T Paine 1 ephuxxthibaythungsayphnthukhxngsingmichiwitbangcaphwk sungkarottxbkbsphaphaewdlxmkhxngmnmiphlkrathbaebbbnlnglang top down effect txkhwamhlakhlaythangsayphnthu aelakaraekhngkhninrabbniewskhxngklum xyangihyhlwngemuxethiybkbmwlchiwphaphkhxngmn 2 khawa khiysotn epnkhaxupmathiyummacaksthaptykrrmpratuhinokhng archway thitxngmipraaechin keystone esiybxyubnyxdephuxihokhrngsrangthnghmdkhngxyuid dwynahnkkhxngknaelakn aenwkhideruxngkhiysotncungmikhwamkhabekiywkb aenwkhidwadwykhwamsmphnthurahwangrabbniews sayphnthuxun echn sayphnthuihrmenga umbrella species 3 xangxing aekikh Paine R T 1995 A Conversation on Refining the Concept of Keystone Species Conservation Biology 9 4 962 964 doi 10 1046 j 1523 1739 1995 09040962 x Davic Robert D 2003 Linking Keystone Species and Functional Groups A New Operational Definition of the Keystone Species Concept Conservation Ecology subkhnemux 2011 02 03 Maehr David Noss Reed F Larkin Jeffery L 2001 Large Mammal Restoration Ecological And Sociological Challenges In The 21St Century Island Press p 73 ISBN 978 1 55963 817 3 ekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title singmichiwithlk amp oldid 8425190, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
