Planck, Max (1914). The Theory of Heat Radiation. P. Blakiston Son & Co. English translation by Morton Masius of the 2nd ed. of Waermestrahlung. Reprinted by Dover (1959) & (1991), p. 119. ISBN 0-486-66811-8
ทว, อลทซ, ทว, เอด, อาร, อลทซ, เยอรม, ludwig, eduard, boltzmann, มภาพ, นธ, 1844, นยายน, 1906, เป, นน, กฟ, กส, ชาวออสเตร, อเส, ยงจากการเป, นส, วนหน, งของการค, นพบด, านกลศาสตร, สถ, และอ, ณหพลศาสตร, สถ, เป, นหน, งในบรรดาน, กว, ทยาศาสตร, ดค, นทฤษฎ, อะตอมในย, คท, แบ. luthwich exduxarth bxlthsmn eyxrmn Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann 20 kumphaphnth kh s 1844 5 knyayn kh s 1906 epnnkfisikschawxxsetriy phumichuxesiyngcakkarepnswnhnungkhxngkarkhnphbdanklsastrsthitiaelaxunhphlsastrsthiti epnhnunginbrrdankwithyasastrphukhidkhnthvsdixatxminyukhthiaebbcalxngwithyasastrdanxatxmyngepnthithkethiyngknxyuluthwich bxlthsmnekid20 kumphaphnth kh s 1844 1844 02 20 ewiynna ckrwrrdixxsetriyesiychiwit5 knyayn kh s 1906 62 pi Tybein trieyset ckrwrrdixxsetriy hngkari pccubnxyuinpraethsxitali sychatixxsetriychatiphnthuxxsetriyxachiphnkfisiks enuxha 1 prawti 2 ngandanfisiks 3 smkarbxlthsmn 4 xangxing 5 aehlngkhxmulxunprawti aekikhswnnirxephimetimkhxmul khunsamarthchwyephimkhxmulswnniidngandanfisiks aekikhngandanwithyasastrthisakhythisudkhxngbxlthsmnidaek thvsdiclnsastr rwmthungkarsuksakhwamerwkhxngomelkulaeksinsmkarkarkracaykhxngaemksewll bxlthsmn wichasthitikhxngaemksewll bxlthsmnaelakarkracaykhxngbxlthsmnekiywkbphlngnganyngepnphunthansakhykhxngwichaklsastrsthitidngedimxikdwy odynaipichxthibaypraktkarnhlayxyangthiimcatxngichhlksthitikhwxntm aelathaihsamarthekhaicphlekiywkbxunhphumiidxyangluksungodymakaelwkarkhidkhnthangfisiksimsxdkhlxngkbkhwamechuxkhxngbxlthsmnekiywkbkhwamepncringkhxngxatxmaelaomelkul nganthisxdkhlxngkbekhamacakaemksewllinskxtaelnd aelakibsinshrthxemrika kbnkekhmicanwnhnunghlngcakkarkhnphbkhxngcxhn daltn inpi kh s 1808 bxlthsmntxngtxsuotethiyngkbbrrnathikarnitysardanfisiksineyxrmniphumichuxesiyngepnewlayawnan ephraabrrnathikarphunnptiesthphlngankhxngbxlthsmnthixangxingthungxatxmkbomelkulinlksnaxunthiimsxdkhlxngkbokhrngsrangthangthvsdiinyukhnn aethlngcakbxlthsmnesiychiwitipimkipi phlkarsuksasaraekhwnlxykhxngaepaerngidyunyntwelkhkhxngkhaxaowkaodraelakhakhngthibxlthsmn thaiholkyxmrbwaxnuphakhelk xyangxatxmnnmixyucring phlngkhidklawiwwa bukhkhlaerkthirabukhwamsmphnthaebblxkarithumrahwangexnothrpikbkhwamnacaepn khux exl bxlthsmn inthvsdiclnsastrkhxngaekskhxngekha 1 smkarexnothrpi S xnodngdngnikhux 2 3 S k log W displaystyle S k log W dd dd odythi k displaystyle k 1 3806505 24 10 23 JK 1 khuxkhakhngthibxlthsmn aela log inthiniepnlxkarithumthanthrrmchati e W displaystyle W khux Wahrscheinlichkeit hruxkhwamthikarekid macrostate 4 hruxklawihtrngkhuxkhakhwamepnipidinkarekid microstates emuxethiybkbsthana macroscopic khxngrabbsmkarbxlthsmn aekikhdubthkhwamhlkthi smkarbxlthsmn smkarbxlthsmn phthnakhunephuxphyayamxthibayphlsastrkhxngaeksxudmkhti f t v f x F m f v f t c o l l i s i o n displaystyle frac partial f partial t v frac partial f partial x frac F m frac partial f partial v frac partial f partial t left frac right mathrm collision odythi f displaystyle f hmaythungfngkchnkarkracaytwkhxngtaaehnngxnuphakhediywkbomemntm n ewlaidewlahnung duin karkracaykhxngaemksewll bxlthsmn F displaystyle F khuxaerngthikratha m displaystyle m khuxmwlkhxngxnuphakh t displaystyle t khuxewla aela v displaystyle v khuxkhwamerwechliykhxngxnuphakhxangxing aekikh Planck Max 1914 The Theory of Heat Radiation P Blakiston Son amp Co English translation by Morton Masius of the 2nd ed of Waermestrahlung Reprinted by Dover 1959 amp 1991 p 119 ISBN 0 486 66811 8 hlkkarkhxngexnothrpiekidmacakrudxlf ekhlasixus inpi kh s 1865 ekhaepnphuaerkthikahndkdkhxthisxngkhxngxunhphlsastrodyklawwa exnothrpicaephimkhunesmx xikhlkkarhnungmacakkarihkhaniyam information entropy khxngkhlxd aechnnxn inpi kh s 1948 1 sungedimtngiccaprayuktichkbthvsdidankarsuxsar aetksamarthichidkbthukaekhnng emuxldrupsamarthekhaknkbsmkarkhxngbxlthsmn emuxkhwamepnipidthnghmdmikhaethakn khwamphiesskhxnghlkkarnixyuthimnsamarthihphllphththnthiodyimtxngxasyaefkthxeriylhruxkarpramankhxngsetxrling rupaebbsmkarxyangngayphbidinphlngankhxngbxlthsmnaelakhlaykhlungkbthvsdi H inklsastrkhwxntmkhxngkibsxyangying Pauli Wolfgang 1973 Statistical Mechanics Cambridge MIT Press ISBN 0 262 66035 0 p 21aehlngkhxmulxun aekikhkhxmmxns miphaphaelasuxekiywkb luthwich bxlthsmnUffink Jos 2004 Boltzmann s Work in Statistical Physics Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy subkhnemux 2007 06 11 Ludwig Boltzmann Universitat Wien German Ruth Lewin Sime Lise Meitner A Life in Physics Chapter One Girlhood in Vienna gives Lise Meitner s account of Boltzmann s teaching and career Cohen E G D 1996 Boltzmann and Statistical Mechanics Eftekhari Ali Ludwig Boltzmann 1844 1906 Discusses Boltzmann s philosophical opinions with numerous quotes bthkhwamekiywkbchiwprawtiniyngepnokhrng khunsamarthchwywikiphiediyidodyephimkhxmulekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title luthwich bxlthsmn amp oldid 7864532, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
