They grow no rice but have black oats, red pulse, barley, and buckwheat. The principal domestic animals are the yak, pig, dog, sheep, and horse. There are flying squirrels, sembling in shape those of our own country, but as large as cats, the fur of which is used for clothes. They have abundance of gold, silver, copper, and tin. The natives generally follow their flocks to pasture and have no fixed dwelling-place. They have, however, some walled cities. The capital of the state is called the city of Lohsieh. The houses are all flat-roofed and often reach to the height of several tens of feet. The men of rank live in large felt tents, which are called fulu. The rooms in which they live are filthily dirty, and they never comb their hair nor wash. They join their hands to hold wine, and make plates of felt, and knead dough into cups, which they fill with broth and cream and eat the whole together.
Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN 1076-156X. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-09-14.
Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 500. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.
Beckwith, Christopher I. The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages' (1987) Princeton University Press. ISBN0-691-02469-3
Bushell, S. W. (1880), The Early History of Tibet. From Chinese Sources, Cambridge University Press
Lee, Don Y. The History of Early Relations between China and Tibet: From Chiu t'ang-shu, a documentary survey (1981) Eastern Press, Bloomington, Indiana. ISBN0-939758-00-8
Pelliot, Paul. Histoire ancienne du Tibet (1961) Librairie d'Amérique et d'orient, Paris
Powers, John. History as Propaganda: Tibetan Exiles versus the People's Republic of China (2004) Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-517426-7
Schaik, Sam van. Galambos, Imre. Manuscripts and Travellers: The Sino-Tibetan Documents of a Tenth-Century Buddhist Pilgrim (2011) Walter de Gruyter ISBN978-3-11-022565-5
Stein, Rolf Alfred. Tibetan Civilization (1972) Stanford University Press. ISBN0-8047-0901-7
Walter, Michael L. (2009), Buddhism and Empire The Political and Religious Culture of Early Tibet, Brill
Yamaguchi, Zuiho. (1996). “The Fiction of King Dar-ma’s persecution of Buddhism” De Dunhuang au Japon: Etudes chinoises et bouddhiques offertes à Michel Soymié. Genève : Librarie Droz S.A.
"The Early History of Tibet. From Chinese Sources" S. W. Bushell, The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, New Series, Vol. 12, No. 4 (Oct., 1880), pp. 435–541, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์มีสื่อเกี่ยวกับ Tibetan Empire
สิงหาคม 07, 2021
กรวรรด, เบต, บทความน, อาจต, องการตรวจสอบต, นฉบ, ในด, านไวยากรณ, ปแบบการเข, ยน, การเร, ยบเร, ยง, ณภาพ, หร, อการสะกด, ณสามารถช, วยพ, ฒนาบทความได, เบต, แปลว, เบตใหญ, อจ, กรวรรด, ปกครองต, งแต, 1161, 1385, เป, นจ, กรวรรด, นแผ, นเป, นขนาดใหญ, และขยายอำนาจไปพ, นท, ขน. bthkhwamnixactxngkartrwcsxbtnchbb indaniwyakrn rupaebbkarekhiyn kareriyberiyng khunphaph hruxkarsakd khunsamarthchwyphthnabthkhwamidckrwrrdithiebt thiebt བ ད ཆ ན པ aeplwa thiebtihy khuxckrwrrdithipkkhrxngtngaetpi ph s 1161 thung 1385 epnckrwrrdithikinaephnepnkhnadihyaelakhyayxanacipphunthimikhnadihykwathirabsungthiebtyudipyngswnkhxngexechiytawnxxkkbexechiyklangaelaexechiyit aetckrwrrdithiebtidlmlayephraahlngphraecalangthrmaidsinphrachnmkekidkhwamkhdaeyngekiywkbphusubthxdrachbllngkrahwangyumtnkboxsungckrwrrdithiebtབ ད ཆ ན པ ph s 1161 ph s 1385thng txngkarxangxing xanaekhtckrwrrdithiebtinpi ph s 1323 thung 1333 txngkarxangxing emuxnghlwnglasaphasathwipphasathiebtsasnaphuththaebbthiebt bxnkarpkkhrxngrachathipityckrphrrdi 1161 1193phraecasrxnsnkmop 1381 1385phraecalangthrmaprawtisastr kxtngph s 1161 sinsudph s 1385phunthiph s 1343 1 2 4 600 000 tarangkiolemtr 1 800 000 tarangiml kxnhna thdipZhangzhungShule KingdomTuyuhunKingdom of Khotan Era of FragmentationGuiyi CircuitQochoKingdom of Khotanpccubnepnswnhnungkhxngcinxinediyenpalpakisthanphutan enuxha 1 prawtisastr 2 sngkhm 3 duephim 4 hmayehtu 5 xangxing 5 1 Citations 5 2 aehlngthima 6 duephim 7 aehlngkhxmulxunprawtisastr aekikhswnnirxephimetimkhxmul khunsamarthchwyephimkhxmulswnniidsngkhm aekikhsingpradisththikhnphbkhxngckrwrrdithiebt 1500 year old pottery Gold bottle found in the tomb of Amdo Sasan style long cup made of yellow agate Painted with characters gold tin plate Gold cup with handle tnchawthiebtbuchaethphecaaehngsngkhramthieriykwa Yuandi thxdkhwamphasacin tamkhathbsphthphasacincakhnngsuxthngpkeka 3 hnngsuxthngpkeka klawa They grow no rice but have black oats red pulse barley and buckwheat The principal domestic animals are the yak pig dog sheep and horse There are flying squirrels sembling in shape those of our own country but as large as cats the fur of which is used for clothes They have abundance of gold silver copper and tin The natives generally follow their flocks to pasture and have no fixed dwelling place They have however some walled cities The capital of the state is called the city of Lohsieh The houses are all flat roofed and often reach to the height of several tens of feet The men of rank live in large felt tents which are called fulu The rooms in which they live are filthily dirty and they never comb their hair nor wash They join their hands to hold wine and make plates of felt and knead dough into cups which they fill with broth and cream and eat the whole together 4 duephim aekikhxanackrnanecahmayehtu aekikhxangxing aekikhCitations aekikh Turchin Peter Adams Jonathan M Hall Thomas D December 2006 East West Orientation of Historical Empires Journal of World systems Research 12 2 222 ISSN 1076 156X subkhnemux 2016 09 14 Rein Taagepera September 1997 Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities Context for Russia International Studies Quarterly 41 3 500 doi 10 1111 0020 8833 00053 JSTOR 2600793 Walter 2009 p 26 Bushell 1880 p 442 aehlngthima aekikh Beckwith Christopher I The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans Turks Arabs and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages 1987 Princeton University Press ISBN 0 691 02469 3 Bushell S W 1880 The Early History of Tibet From Chinese Sources Cambridge University Press Lee Don Y The History of Early Relations between China and Tibet From Chiu t ang shu a documentary survey 1981 Eastern Press Bloomington Indiana ISBN 0 939758 00 8 Pelliot Paul Histoire ancienne du Tibet 1961 Librairie d Amerique et d orient Paris Powers John History as Propaganda Tibetan Exiles versus the People s Republic of China 2004 Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 517426 7 Schaik Sam van Galambos Imre Manuscripts and Travellers The Sino Tibetan Documents of a Tenth Century Buddhist Pilgrim 2011 Walter de Gruyter ISBN 978 3 11 022565 5 Stein Rolf Alfred Tibetan Civilization 1972 Stanford University Press ISBN 0 8047 0901 7 Walter Michael L 2009 Buddhism and Empire The Political and Religious Culture of Early Tibet Brill Yamaguchi Zuiho 1996 The Fiction of King Dar ma s persecution of Buddhism De Dunhuang au Japon Etudes chinoises et bouddhiques offertes a Michel Soymie Geneve Librarie Droz S A Nie Hongyin 西夏文献中的吐蕃 lingkesiy duephim aekikh The Early History of Tibet From Chinese Sources S W Bushell The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland New Series Vol 12 No 4 Oct 1880 pp 435 541 Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Irelandaehlngkhxmulxun aekikh wikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxekiywkb Tibetan Empireekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title ckrwrrdithiebt amp oldid 9474430, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
