"Ibn Firnas ('Abbâs)" by Ahmed Djebbar, Dictionnaire culturel des science, by Collective under the direction of Nicolas Witkowski, Du Regard Editions, 2003, ISBN2-84105-128-5.
Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (Spring, 1961). "Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", Technology and Culture2 (2), p. 97-111 [100]:
"Ibn Firnas was a polymath: a physician, a rather bad poet, the first to make glass from stones (quartz), a student of music, and inventor of some sort of metronome."
↑ Lévi-Provençal, E. (1986). "ʿAbbās b. Firnās". ใน Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (บ.ก.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. I (2nd ed.). Brill publishers. p. 11.
How Invention Begins: Echoes of Old Voices in the Rise of New Machines By John H. Lienhard
↑ "'Abbas Ibn Firnas". John H. Lienhard. The Engines of Our Ingenuity. NPR. KUHF-FM Houston. 2004. No. 1910. Transcript.
↑ Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (Spring, 1961). "Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", Technology and Culture2 (2), p. 97-111 [100f.]
Vernet, Juan (1981) [1970]. "Abbas Ibn Firnas". ใน Gillespie, C.C. (บ.ก.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Volume 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 5.
Marshall Cavendish Reference. Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World. Marshall Cavendish, 2010 ISBN9780761479291 p.106.
ข้อมูล
J. Vernet, Abbas Ibn Firnas. Dictionary of Scientific Biography (C.C. Gilespie, ed.) Vol. I, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1970–1980. pg. 5.
Lynn Townsend White Jr. (Spring, 1961). "Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", Technology and Culture2 (2), p. 97–111 [100f.], doi:10.2307/3101411.
Salim T.S. Al-Hassani (ed.), Elisabeth Woodcock (au.), and Rabah Saoud (au.). 2006. 1001 Inventions. Muslim Heritage in Our World. Manchester: Foundation for Science, Technology and Civilisation. See pages 308–313. (ISBN978-0-9555035-0-4)
อ่านเพิ่ม
Zaheer, Syed Iqbal (2010). An Educational Encyclopedia of Islam. Iqra Welfare Trust. p. 1280. ISBN9786039000440.
บบาส, บน, รนาส, อะบ, ลกอซ, บน, รดาส, ตตาก, ประมาณ, กก, นในช, อาหร, عباس, بن, فرناس, หร, อช, อท, แปลงเป, นภาษาละต, นว, อาร, แม, ละต, armen, firman, ไม, แน, ใจ, ดค, เป, นผ, รอบด, านชาวอ, ลอ, นดะล, รายงานว, าเขาได, ทดลองการบ, นร, ปแบบใดร, ปแบบหน, อน, สาวร, บน, รน. xabulkxsim xbbas xibn firnas xibn wirdas xttakurini praman kh s 809 810 887 ruckkninchux xbbas xibn firnas xahrb عباس بن فرناس hruxchuxthiaeplngepnphasalatinwa xaraemn firmn latin Armen Firman 1 imaenic phudkhuy epnphururxbdanchawxlxndalus 2 3 miraynganwaekhaidthdlxngkarbinrupaebbidrupaebbhnung 4 5 6 7 xbbas xibn firnasxnusawriyxibn firnas nxkthaxakasyannanachatiaebkaeddekidpraman kh s 810rxnda cnghwdtakurunna xanackrxamiraehngkxrodbaesiychiwitkh s 887kxrodba xanackrxamiraehngkxrodbamichuxesiyngcakdarasastr wiswkrrm aephthysastr singpradisth enuxha 1 tnkaenid 2 phlngan 3 xangxing 4 khxmul 5 xanephimtnkaenid aekikhekhaekidthirxndaincnghwdtakurunnacakphxaemchawebxrebxr aelaxasyxyuthikxrodba 4 phlngan aekikhxbbas xibn firnasidkhidkhnwithikarphlitaekwirsiaebbhnung pradisthaephnthithrngklmbnranab planisphere thithacakaekwhlayaebb thaelnsthiichaekikhsayta reading stone srangsingthisamarthcalxngkarekhluxnthikhxngdawekhraahaeladwngdaw aelaphthnawithikartdphlukhinsungthaihsepnimtxngsngkhwxtsxxkiptdthixiyipt 6 7 ekhana sindhind ekhasuxlxndalus 4 sungmixiththiphlsakhytxdarasastrinyuorp 8 ekhayngepnkhnxxkaebbxlmakxta nalikana dwy 9 xangxing aekikh Arabic and Islamic Names of the Moon Craters MuslimHeritage 9 28 07 khlngkhxmuleka ekbcak aehlngedim emux 2013 10 16 subkhnemux 2009 07 14 Ibn Firnas Abbas by Ahmed Djebbar Dictionnaire culturel des science by Collective under the direction of Nicolas Witkowski Du Regard Editions 2003 ISBN 2 84105 128 5 Lynn Townsend White Jr Spring 1961 Eilmer of Malmesbury an Eleventh Century Aviator A Case Study of Technological Innovation Its Context and Tradition Technology and Culture 2 2 p 97 111 100 Ibn Firnas was a polymath a physician a rather bad poet the first to make glass from stones quartz a student of music and inventor of some sort of metronome 4 0 4 1 4 2 Levi Provencal E 1986 ʿAbbas b Firnas in Bearman P Bianquis Th Bosworth C E van Donzel E Heinrichs W P b k Encyclopaedia of Islam I 2nd ed Brill publishers p 11 How Invention Begins Echoes of Old Voices in the Rise of New Machines By John H Lienhard 6 0 6 1 Abbas Ibn Firnas John H Lienhard The Engines of Our Ingenuity NPR KUHF FM Houston 2004 No 1910 Transcript 7 0 7 1 Lynn Townsend White Jr Spring 1961 Eilmer of Malmesbury an Eleventh Century Aviator A Case Study of Technological Innovation Its Context and Tradition Technology and Culture 2 2 p 97 111 100f Vernet Juan 1981 1970 Abbas Ibn Firnas in Gillespie C C b k Dictionary of Scientific Biography Volume 1 New York Charles Scribner s Sons p 5 Marshall Cavendish Reference Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World Marshall Cavendish 2010 ISBN 9780761479291 p 106 khxmul aekikhJ Vernet Abbas Ibn Firnas Dictionary of Scientific Biography C C Gilespie ed Vol I New York Charles Scribner s Sons 1970 1980 pg 5 Lynn Townsend White Jr Spring 1961 Eilmer of Malmesbury an Eleventh Century Aviator A Case Study of Technological Innovation Its Context and Tradition Technology and Culture 2 2 p 97 111 100f doi 10 2307 3101411 Salim T S Al Hassani ed Elisabeth Woodcock au and Rabah Saoud au 2006 1001 Inventions Muslim Heritage in Our World Manchester Foundation for Science Technology and Civilisation See pages 308 313 ISBN 978 0 9555035 0 4 xanephim aekikhZaheer Syed Iqbal 2010 An Educational Encyclopedia of Islam Iqra Welfare Trust p 1280 ISBN 9786039000440 bthkhwamekiywkbchiwprawtiniyngepnokhrng khunsamarthchwywikiphiediyidodyephimkhxmulekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title xbbas xibn firnas amp oldid 9468486, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
