Africanus, Leo (1526). The History and Description of Africa. Hakluyt Society. pp. 20 & 108. สืบค้นเมื่อ 30 August 2017. the Mauri -- or Moors -- were the Berbers
The Arabs called the latter Muwalladun or Muladi. Menocal (2002). Ornament of the World, p. 16; Richard A Fletcher, Moorish Spain (University of California Press, 2006), pp.1,19.
Ross Brann, "The Moors?", Andalusia, New York University. Quote: "Andalusi Arabic sources, as opposed to later Mudéjar and Morisco sources in Aljamiado and medieval Spanish texts, neither refer to individuals as Moors nor recognize any such group, community or culture."
Blackmore, Josiah (2009). Moorings: Portuguese Expansion and the Writing of Africa. U of Minnesota Press. p. xvi, 18. ISBN978-0-8166-4832-0.
Menocal, María Rosa (2002). Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain. Little, Brown, & Co. ISBN0-316-16871-8, p. 241
John Randall Baker (1974). Race. Oxford University Press. p. 226. ISBN9780192129543. สืบค้นเมื่อ March 12, 2014. In one sense the word 'Moor' means Mohammedan Berbers and Arabs of North-western Africa, with some Syrians, who conquered most of Spain in the 8th century and dominated the country for hundreds of years.
Pieris, P.E. Ceylon and the Hollanders 1658-1796. American Ceylon Mission Press, Tellippalai Ceylon 1918
"Assessment of the status, development and diversification of fisheries-dependent communities: Mazara del Vallo Case study report" (PDF). European Commission. 2010. p. 2. สืบค้นเมื่อ 28 September 2012. In the year 827, Mazara was occupied by the Arabs, who made the city an important commercial harbour. That period was probably the most prosperous in the history of Mazara.
Hillgarth, J. N. (2000). The Mirror of Spain, 1500-1700: The Formation of a Myth. University of Michigan Press. p. 67. ISBN0-472-11092-6.
บรรณานุกรม
Jan R. Carew. Rape of Paradise: Columbus and the birth of racism in America. Brooklyn, NY: A&B Books, c. 1994.
David Brion Davis, "Slavery: White, Black, Muslim, Christian." New York Review of Books, vol. 48, #11 July 5, 2001. Do not have exact pages.
Herodotus, The Histories
Shomark O. Y. Keita, "Genetic Haplotypes in North Africa"
Shomarka O. Y. Keita, "Studies of ancient crania from northern Africa." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 83:35-48 1990.
Shomarka O. Y. Keita, "Further studies of crania from ancient northern Africa: an analysis of crania from First Dynasty Egyptian tombs, using multiple discriminant functions." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 87: 345–54, 1992.
Shomarka O. Y. Keita, "Black Athena: race, Bernal and Snowden." Arethusa 26: 295–314, 1993.
Bernard Lewis, "The Middle East".
Bernard Lewis. The Muslim Discovery of Europe. NY: Norton, 1982. Also an article with the same title published in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 20(1/3): 409–16, 1957.
Bernard Lewis, "Race and Slavery in Islam".
Stanley Lane-Poole, assisted by E. J. W. Gibb and Arthur Gilman. The Story of Turkey. NY: Putnam, 1888.
Stanley Lane-Poole. The Story of the Barbary Corsairs. NY: Putnam,1890.
Stanley Lane-Poole, The History of the Moors in Spain.
J. A. (Joel Augustus) Rogers. Nature Knows No Color Line: research into the Negro ancestry in the white race. New York: 1952.
Ronald Segal. Islam's Black Slaves: the other Black diaspora. NY: Farrar Straus Giroux, 2001.
Ivan Van Sertima, ed. The Golden Age of the Moor. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1992. (Journal of African civilizations, vol. 11).
Frank Snowden. Before Color Prejudice: the ancient view of blacks. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Univ. Press, 1983.
Frank Snowden. Blacks in antiquity: Ethiopians in the Greco-Roman experience. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1970.
David M. Goldenberg. The Curse of Ham: race and slavery in early Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, c2003.
Lucotte and Mercier, various genetic studies
Eva Borreguero. "The Moors Are Coming, the Moors Are Coming! Encounters with Muslims in Contemporary Spain." p. 417-32 in Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, 2006, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 417–32.
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
วิกิพจนานุกรม มีความหมายของคำว่า: Moorish
วิกิคำคมมีคำคมเกี่ยวกับ ชาวมัวร์
คอมมอนส์ มีภาพและสื่อเกี่ยวกับ: ชาวมัวร์
.
Secret Seal: On the image of the Blackamoor in European Heraldry, a PBS article.
Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia (2006)
. Paper presented at an International Conference Organized by The Postgraduate School of Critical Theory and Cultural Studies, University of Nottingham, and The British Council, Morocco, 12–14 April 2001.
Africans in Medieval & Renaissance Art: The Moor's Head 2018-07-11 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน, Victoria and Albert Museum (n.d)
Sean Cavazos-Kottke. : (outline). Folger Shakespeare Library, 1998.
ชาวม, วร, พท, วร, งกฤษ, moor, เป, นช, อท, ชาวคร, สต, ในย, โรปใช, เร, ยกม, สล, มในอ, ลม, ฆร, คาบสม, ทรไอบ, เร, และมอลตาในสม, ยกลาง, เด, มท, อชาวเบอร, เบอร, นเพด, งเด, มจากอ, ลม, ฆร, อมาจ, งม, การนำช, อน, ไปใช, เร, ยกชาวอาหร, บและชาวไอบ, เร, ยท, แผลงเป, นอาหร, บ. sphth mwr xngkvs Moor epnchuxthichawkhristinyuorpicheriykmusliminxlmkhrib khabsmuthrixbieriy sisili aelamxltainsmyklang edimthichawmwrkhuxchawebxrebxrphunephdngedimcakxlmkhrib 1 txmacungmikarnachuxniipicheriykchawxahrbaelachawixbieriythiaephlngepnxahrbdwy 2 exkxkhrrachthutkstiyaphyayamchkchwnxabuhfs xumr xlmurtadx kstriychawmwrxlomhad ihekharwmphnthmitrkhxngtn phaphcak kntiksedsantamarixa chawkhristaelachawmwrelnhmakruk cak liobredolskhuexoks odyphraecaxlfxnosthi 10 aehngkstiya praman kh s 1285 mwrimidepnchuxeriykchatiphnthu ethnonym caephaakhxngklumchnidklumchnhnung 3 saranukrmbriaethnnika chbb kh s 1911 tngkhxsngektwasphthni immikhwamhmaythangchatiphnthuwithyaxyangaethcring 4 chawyuorpinsmyklangaelasmyihmtxntnnachuxniipicheriykklumchatiphnthutang xyanghlakhlay imwacaepnchawxahrb chawebxrebxraexfrikaehnux hruxmuslimchawyuorp 5 inyuorpyngmikarichsphthnidwynykhwamhmaythikwangkhuninechingduhmin odyicheriykmuslimthwip 6 odyechphaaphumiechuxsayxahrbhruxebxrebxr imwacaxasyxyuinsepnhruxaexfrikaehnuxktam 7 insmyxananikhm oprtueksnachuxeriyk chawmwrsrilngka aela chawmwrxinediy maichinexechiyit aelamuslimchawebngkxlkthukeriykwaepnchawmwrdwy 8 inpraethsfilippins chumchnmuslimsungmixyukxnkarmathungkhxngsepn thukwnnieriyktwexngwa chawomor sungepnchuxthinklaxananikhmchawsepnnamaeriykenuxngcakkhwamechuxthangsasnakhxngchumchnniin kh s 711 kxngthphchawmwrcakaexfrikaehnuxerimkarphichithispaeniykhxngxumyyah khabsmuthrixbieriycungmichuxeriykinphasaxahrbkhlassikwaxlxndalus sunginchwngthirungeruxngthisudkinphunthiswnihykhxngespthiemeniyaelasepnkboprtueksinpccubnin kh s 827 chawmwrekhakhrxbkhrxngmasarathisisili aelwphthnaepnthaerux 9 phwkekhayngphyayamrwbrwmswnxunkhxngekaa khwamaetktangthangsasnaaelawthnthrrmnaipsukhwamkhdaeyngkbxanackrkhrisetiyninyuorpnanhlaystwrrssungmichuxeriykwaerkxngkista in kh s 1224 muslimthukenrethsxxkcaksisiliipyngnikhmthiluechra Lucera sungthukchawkhristinyuorpthalayin kh s 1300karyudkranadain kh s 1492 thuxepncudsinsudkarpkkhrxngkhxngmusliminsepn aetkmichnklumnxymuslimxasyxyucnkrathngthukkhbilxxkipin kh s 1609 10 xangxing aekikh Africanus Leo 1526 The History and Description of Africa Hakluyt Society pp 20 amp 108 subkhnemux 30 August 2017 the Mauri or Moors were the Berbers The Arabs called the latter Muwalladun or Muladi Menocal 2002 Ornament of the World p 16 Richard A Fletcher Moorish Spain University of California Press 2006 pp 1 19 Ross Brann The Moors Andalusia New York University Quote Andalusi Arabic sources as opposed to later Mudejar and Morisco sources in Aljamiado and medieval Spanish texts neither refer to individuals as Moors nor recognize any such group community or culture Chisholm Hugh b k 1911 Moors saranukrmbritanika kh s 1911 18 11 ed sankphimphmhawithyalyekhmbridc p 812 Blackmore Josiah 2009 Moorings Portuguese Expansion and the Writing of Africa U of Minnesota Press p xvi 18 ISBN 978 0 8166 4832 0 Menocal Maria Rosa 2002 Ornament of the World How Muslims Jews and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain Little Brown amp Co ISBN 0 316 16871 8 p 241 John Randall Baker 1974 Race Oxford University Press p 226 ISBN 9780192129543 subkhnemux March 12 2014 In one sense the word Moor means Mohammedan Berbers and Arabs of North western Africa with some Syrians who conquered most of Spain in the 8th century and dominated the country for hundreds of years Pieris P E Ceylon and the Hollanders 1658 1796 American Ceylon Mission Press Tellippalai Ceylon 1918 Assessment of the status development and diversification of fisheries dependent communities Mazara del Vallo Case study report PDF European Commission 2010 p 2 subkhnemux 28 September 2012 In the year 827 Mazara was occupied by the Arabs who made the city an important commercial harbour That period was probably the most prosperous in the history of Mazara Hillgarth J N 2000 The Mirror of Spain 1500 1700 The Formation of a Myth University of Michigan Press p 67 ISBN 0 472 11092 6 brrnanukrm aekikhJan R Carew Rape of Paradise Columbus and the birth of racism in America Brooklyn NY A amp B Books c 1994 David Brion Davis Slavery White Black Muslim Christian New York Review of Books vol 48 11 July 5 2001 Do not have exact pages Herodotus The Histories Shomark O Y Keita Genetic Haplotypes in North Africa Shomarka O Y Keita Studies of ancient crania from northern Africa American Journal of Physical Anthropology 83 35 48 1990 Shomarka O Y Keita Further studies of crania from ancient northern Africa an analysis of crania from First Dynasty Egyptian tombs using multiple discriminant functions American Journal of Physical Anthropology 87 345 54 1992 Shomarka O Y Keita Black Athena race Bernal and Snowden Arethusa 26 295 314 1993 Bernard Lewis The Middle East Bernard Lewis The Muslim Discovery of Europe NY Norton 1982 Also an article with the same title published in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies University of London 20 1 3 409 16 1957 Bernard Lewis Race and Slavery in Islam Stanley Lane Poole assisted by E J W Gibb and Arthur Gilman The Story of Turkey NY Putnam 1888 Stanley Lane Poole The Story of the Barbary Corsairs NY Putnam 1890 Stanley Lane Poole The History of the Moors in Spain J A Joel Augustus Rogers Nature Knows No Color Line research into the Negro ancestry in the white race New York 1952 Ronald Segal Islam s Black Slaves the other Black diaspora NY Farrar Straus Giroux 2001 Ivan Van Sertima ed The Golden Age of the Moor New Brunswick Transaction Publishers 1992 Journal of African civilizations vol 11 Frank Snowden Before Color Prejudice the ancient view of blacks Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard Univ Press 1983 Frank Snowden Blacks in antiquity Ethiopians in the Greco Roman experience Cambridge Massachusetts Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 1970 David M Goldenberg The Curse of Ham race and slavery in early Judaism Christianity and Islam Princeton NJ Princeton University Press c2003 Lucotte and Mercier various genetic studies Eva Borreguero The Moors Are Coming the Moors Are Coming Encounters with Muslims in Contemporary Spain p 417 32 in Islam and Christian Muslim Relations 2006 vol 17 no 4 pp 417 32 aehlngkhxmulxun aekikh wikiphcnanukrm mikhwamhmaykhxngkhawa Moorish wikikhakhmmikhakhmekiywkb chawmwr khxmmxns miphaphaelasuxekiywkb chawmwr The Moors by Ross Brann published on New York University website Secret Seal On the image of the Blackamoor in European Heraldry a PBS article Encyclopedia Britannica Online Encyclopedia 2006 Khalid Amine Moroccan Shakespeare From Moors to Moroccans Paper presented at an International Conference Organized by The Postgraduate School of Critical Theory and Cultural Studies University of Nottingham and The British Council Morocco 12 14 April 2001 Africans in Medieval amp Renaissance Art The Moor s Head Archived 2018 07 11 thi ewyaebkaemchchin Victoria and Albert Museum n d Sean Cavazos Kottke Othello s Predecessors Moors in Renaissance Popular Literature outline Folger Shakespeare Library 1998 bthkhwamekiywkbprawtisastrniyngepnokhrng khunsamarthchwywikiphiediyidodyephimkhxmul duephimthi sthaniyxy prawtisastr ekhathungcak https th wikipedia org w index php title chawmwr amp oldid 9696097, wikipedia, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด,
