วิกิพีเดีย
ความดันไอของธาตุ (หน้าข้อมูล)
บทความนี้ต้องการการจัดหน้า จัดหมวดหมู่ ใส่ลิงก์ภายใน หรือเก็บกวาดเนื้อหา ให้มีคุณภาพดีขึ้น คุณสามารถปรับปรุงแก้ไขบทความนี้ได้ และนำป้ายออก พิจารณาใช้ป้ายข้อความอื่นเพื่อชี้ชัดข้อบกพร่อง |
หน้านี้มีเนื้อหาเป็นภาษาต่างประเทศ คุณสามารถช่วยพัฒนาหน้านี้ได้ด้วยการแปล ยกเว้นหากเนื้อหาเกือบทั้งหมดไม่ใช่ภาษาไทย ให้แจ้งลบแทน |
เวเปอร์เพรสเชอร์
| 1 Pa | 10 Pa | 100 Pa | 1 kPa | 10 kPa | 100 kPa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 H ไฮโดรเจน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 15 | 20 | ||||
| CRC (T/°C) | -258.6 | -252.8 | ||||
| 2 He ฮีเลียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 3 | 4 | ||||
| CRC (T/°C) | -270.6 | -268.9 | ||||
| 3 Li ลิเทียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 797 | 885 | 995 | 1144 | 1337 | 1610 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 524.3 | 612.3 | 722.1 | 871.2 | 1064.3 | 1337.1 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.673 - 8310 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1000 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.061 - 8023 / (T/K) | |||||
| 797.4 | 885.4 | 995.3 | ||||
| 4 Be เบริลเลียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1462 | 1608 | 1791 | 2023 | 2327 | 2742 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1189 (s) | 1335 | 1518 | 1750 | 2054 | 2469 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.048 - 17020 / (T/K) - 0.4440 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1461.8 | ||||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1800 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.792 - 15731 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1606.5 | 1789.2 | |||||
| 5 B โบรอน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2348 | 2562 | 2822 | 3141 | 3545 | 4072 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2075 | 2289 | 2549 | 2868 | 3272 | 3799 |
| 6 C คาร์บอน (แกรไฟต์) | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2839 | 3048 | 3289 | 3572 | 3908 | |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2566 (s) | 2775 (s) | 3016 (s) | 3299 (s) | 3635 (s) | |
| 7 N ไนโตรเจน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 37 | 41 | 46 | 53 | 62 | 77 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -236 (s) | -232 (s) | -226.8 (s) | -220.2 (s) | -211.1 (s) | -195.9 |
| 8 O ออกซิเจน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 61 | 73 | 90 | |||
| CRC (T/°C) | -211.9 | -200.5 | -183.1 | |||
| 9 F ฟลูออรีน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 38 | 44 | 50 | 58 | 69 | 85 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -235 (s) | -229.5 (s) | -222.9 (s) | -214.8 | -204.3 | -188.3 |
| 10 Ne นีออน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 12 | 13 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 27 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -261 (s) | -260 (s) | -258 (s) | -255 (s) | -252 (s) | -246.1 |
| 11 Na โซเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 554 | 617 | 697 | 802 | 946 | 1153 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 280.6 | 344.2 | 424.3 | 529 | 673 | 880.2 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.304 - 5603 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 700 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.710 - 5377 / (T/K) | |||||
| 553.8 | 617.3 | 697.4 | ||||
| 12 Mg แมกนีเซียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 701 | 773 | 861 | 971 | 1132 | 1361 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 428 (s) | 500 (s) | 588 (s) | 698 | 859 | 1088 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.495 - 7813 / (T/K) - 0.8253 log (T/K) | |||||
| 700.9 | 772.7 | 861.2 | ||||
| 13 Al อะลูมิเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1482 | 1632 | 1817 | 2054 | 2364 | 2790 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1209 | 1359 | 1544 | 1781 | 2091 | 2517 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.465 - 17342 / (T/K) - 0.7927 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1800 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.917 - 16211 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1484.9 | 1634.7 | 1818.0 | ||||
| 14 Si ซิลิคอน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1908 | 2102 | 2339 | 2636 | 3021 | 3537 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1635 | 1829 | 2066 | 2363 | 2748 | 3264 |
| 15 P ฟอสฟอรัส (ขาว) | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 279 | 307 | 342 | 388 | 453 | 549 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 6 (s) | 34 (s) | 69 | 115 | 180 | 276 |
| 15 P ฟอสฟอรัส (แดง) | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 455 | 489 | 529 | 576 | 635 | 704 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 182 (s) | 216 (s) | 256 (s) | 303 (s) | 362 (s) | 431 (s) |
| 16 S กำมะถัน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 375 | 408 | 449 | 508 | 591 | 717 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 102 (s) | 135 | 176 | 235 | 318 | 444 |
| 17 Cl คลอรีน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 128 | 139 | 153 | 170 | 197 | 239 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -145 (s) | -133.7 (s) | -120.2 (s) | -103.6 (s) | -76.1 | -34.2 |
| 18 Ar อาร์กอน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 47 | 53 | 61 | 71 | 87 | |
| CRC (T/°C) | -226.4 (s) | -220.3 (s) | -212.4 (s) | -201.7 (s) | -186.0 | |
| 19 K โพแทสเซียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 473 | 530 | 601 | 697 | 832 | 1029 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 200.2 | 256.5 | 328 | 424 | 559 | 756.2 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 9.967 - 4646 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 600 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.408 - 4453 / (T/K) | |||||
| 473.3 | 529.6 | 601.1 | ||||
| 20 Ca แคลเซียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 864 | 956 | 1071 | 1227 | 1443 | 1755 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 591 (s) | 683 (s) | 798 (s) | 954 | 1170 | 1482 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.133 - 9517 / (T/K) - 1.4030 log (T/K) | |||||
| 864.2 | 956.4 | 1071.5 | ||||
| 21 Sc สแคนเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1645 | 1804 | (2006) | (2266) | (2613) | (3101) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1372 (s) | 1531 (s) | 1733 (i) | 1993 (i) | 2340 (i) | 2828 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.656 - 19721 / (T/K) + 0.2885 log (T/K) - 0.3663 (T/K)-3 | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2000 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.801 - 17681 / (T/K) | |||||
| 22 Ti ไทเทเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1982 | 2171 | (2403) | 2692 | 3064 | 3558 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1709 | 1898 | 2130 (e) | 2419 | 2791 | 3285 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 16.931 - 24991 / (T/K) - 1.3376 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2400 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.364 - 22747 / (T/K) | |||||
| 2001.7 | 2194.8 | |||||
| 23 V วาเนเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2101 | 2289 | 2523 | 2814 | 3187 | 3679 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1828 (s) | 2016 | 2250 | 2541 | 2914 | 3406 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.750 - 27132 / (T/K) - 0.5501 log (T/K) | |||||
| 2099.6 | ||||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.935 - 25011 / (T/K) | |||||
| 2287.2 | 2517.5 | |||||
| 24 Cr โครเมียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1656 | 1807 | 1991 | 2223 | 2530 | 2942 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1383 (s) | 1534 (s) | 1718 (s) | 1950 | 2257 | 2669 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 2000 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.806 - 20733 / (T/K) + 0.4391 log (T/K) - 0.4094 (T/K)-3 | |||||
| 25 Mn แมงกานีส | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1228 | 1347 | 1493 | 1691 | 1955 | 2333 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 955 (s) | 1074 (s) | 1220 (s) | 1418 | 1682 | 2060 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 17.811 - 15097 / (T/K) - 1.7896 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1229.2 | 1346.6 | 1490.0 | ||||
| 26 Fe เหล็ก | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1728 | 1890 | 2091 | 2346 | 2679 | 3132 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1455 (s) | 1617 | 1818 | 2073 | 2406 | 2859 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 12.106 - 21723 / (T/K) + 0.4536 log (T/K) - 0.5846 (T/K)-3 | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2100 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.353 - 19574 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1890.7 | 2092.8 | |||||
| 27 Co โคบอลต์ | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1790 | 1960 | 2165 | 2423 | 2755 | 3198 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1517 | 1687 | 1892 | 2150 | 2482 | 2925 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.982 - 22576 / (T/K) - 1.0280 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2150 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.494 - 20578 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1790.3 | 1960.9 | 2167.5 | ||||
| 28 Ni นิกเกิล | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1783 | 1950 | 2154 | 2410 | 2741 | 3184 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1510 | 1677 | 1881 | 2137 | 2468 | 2911 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.563 - 22606 / (T/K) - 0.8717 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2150 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.672 - 20765 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1779.0 | 1945.7 | 2146.9 | ||||
| 29 Cu ทองแดง | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1509 | 1661 | 1850 | 2089 | 2404 | 2836 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1236 | 1388 | 1577 | 1816 | 2131 | 2563 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.129 - 17748 / (T/K) - 0.7317 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1850 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.855 - 16415 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1512.2 | 1665.7 | 1853.8 | ||||
| 30 Zn สังกะสี | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 610 | 670 | 750 | 852 | 990 | (1185) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 337 (s) | 397 (s) | 477 | 579 | 717 | 912 (e) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.108 - 6776 / (T/K) | |||||
| 610.0 | 670.4 | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 750 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.384 - 6286 / (T/K) | |||||
| 749.8 | ||||||
| 31 Ga แกลเลียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1310 | 1448 | 1620 | 1838 | 2125 | 2518 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1037 | 1175 | 1347 | 1565 | 1852 | 2245 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.663 - 14208 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1600 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.760 - 13984 / (T/K) - 0.3413 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1307.4 | 1444.4 | 1613.8 | ||||
| 32 Ge เจอร์เมเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1644 | 1814 | 2023 | 2287 | 2633 | 3104 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1371 | 1541 | 1750 | 2014 | 2360 | 2831 |
| 33 As สารหนู | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 553 | 596 | 646 | 706 | 781 | 874 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 280 (s) | 323 (s) | 373 (s) | 433 (s) | 508 (s) | 601 (s) |
| 34 Se ซีลีเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 500 | 552 | 617 | 704 | 813 | 958 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 227 | 279 | 344 | 431 | 540 | 685 |
| 35 Br โบรมีน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 185 | 201 | 220 | 244 | 276 | 332 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -87.7 (s) | -71.8 (s) | -52.7 (s) | -29.3 (s) | 2.5 | 58.4 |
| 36 Kr คริปทอน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 59 | 65 | 74 | 84 | 99 | 120 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -214.0 (s) | -208.0 (s) | -199.4 (s) | -188.9 (s) | -174.6 (s) | -153.6 |
| 37 Rb รูบิเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 434 | 486 | 552 | 641 | 769 | 958 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 160.4 | 212.5 | 278.9 | 368 | 496.1 | 685.3 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 9.863 - 4215 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 550 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.318 - 4040 / (T/K) | |||||
| 433.6 | 485.7 | 552.1 | ||||
| 38 Sr สตรอนเชียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 796 | 882 | 990 | 1139 | 1345 | 1646 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 523 (s) | 609 (s) | 717 (s) | 866 | 1072 | 1373 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.232 - 8572 / (T/K) - 1.1926 log (T/K) | |||||
| 795.7 | 882.0 | 989.9 | ||||
| 39 Y อิตเทรียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1883 | 2075 | (2320) | (2627) | (3036) | (3607) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1610.1 | 1802.3 | 2047 (i) | 2354 (i) | 2763 (i) | 3334 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.741 - 22306 / (T/K) - 0.8705 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2300 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.801 - 20341 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1883.3 | 2075.4 | |||||
| 40 Zr เซอร์โคเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2639 | 2891 | 3197 | 3575 | 4053 | 4678 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2366 | 2618 | 2924 | 3302 | 3780 | 4405 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.014 - 31512 / (T/K) - 0.7890 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.812 - 30295 / (T/K) | |||||
| 41 Nb ไนโอเบียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2942 | 3207 | 3524 | 3910 | 4393 | 5013 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2669 | 2934 | 3251 | 3637 | 4120 | 4740 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 13.828 - 37818 / (T/K) - 0.2575 log (T/K) | |||||
| 42 Mo โมลิบดีนัม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2742 | 2994 | 3312 | 3707 | 4212 | 4879 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2469 (s) | 2721 | 3039 | 3434 | 3939 | 4606 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 16.535 - 34626 / (T/K) - 1.1331 log (T/K) | |||||
| 43 Tc เทคนีเชียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | (2727) | (2998) | (3324) | (3726) | (4234) | (4894) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2454 (e) | 2725 (e) | 3051 (e) | 3453 (e) | 3961 (e) | 4621 (e) |
| 44 Ru รูทีเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2588 | 2811 | 3087 | 3424 | 3845 | 4388 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2315 (s) | 2538 | 2814 | 3151 | 3572 | 4115 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.761 - 34154 / (T/K) - 0.4723 log (T/K) | |||||
| 2597.6 | ||||||
| 45 Rh โรเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2288 | 2496 | 2749 | 3063 | 3405 | 3997 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2015 | 2223 | 2476 | 2790 | 3132 | 3724 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.174 - 29010 / (T/K) - 0.7068 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.808 - 26792 / (T/K) | |||||
| 2269.0 | 2478.9 | |||||
| 46 Pd แพลเลเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1721 | 1897 | 2117 | 2395 | 2753 | 3234 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1448 (s) | 1624 | 1844 | 2122 | 2480 | 2961 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.508 - 19813 / (T/K) - 0.9258 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1721.0 | ||||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2100 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.432 - 17899 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1897.7 | ||||||
| 47 Ag เงิน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1283 | 1413 | 1575 | 1782 | 2055 | 2433 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1010 | 1140 | 1302 | 1509 | 1782 | 2160 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.133 - 14999 / (T/K) - 0.7845 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1600 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.758 - 13827 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1285.3 | 1417.0 | 1578.8 | ||||
| 48 Cd แคดเมียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 530 | 583 | 654 | 745 | 867 | 1040 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 257 (s) | 310 (s) | 381 | 472 | 594 | 767 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.945 - 5799 / (T/K) | |||||
| 529.8 | 583.1 | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 650 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.248 - 5392 / (T/K) | |||||
| 653.7 | ||||||
| 49 In อินเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1196 | 1325 | 1485 | 1690 | 1962 | 2340 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 923 | 1052 | 1212 | 1417 | 1689 | 2067 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.997 - 12548 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1500 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.380 - 12276 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1182.7 | 1308.7 | 1464.9 | ||||
| 50 Sn ดีบุก | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1497 | 1657 | 1855 | 2107 | 2438 | 2893 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1224 | 1384 | 1582 | 1834 | 2165 | 2620 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.042 - 15710 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1850 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.268 - 15332 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1493.2 | 1654.3 | 1854.4 | ||||
| 51 Sb พลวง | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 807 | 876 | 1011 | 1219 | 1491 | 1858 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 534 (s) | 603 (s) | 738 | 946 | 1218 | 1585 |
| 52 Te เทลลูเรียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | (775) | (888) | 1042 | 1266 | ||
| CRC (T/°C) | 502 (e) | 615 (e) | 768.8 | 992.4 | ||
| 53 I ไอโอดีน (รอมบิก) | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 260 | 282 | 309 | 342 | 381 | 457 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -12.8 (s) | 9.3 (s) | 35.9 (s) | 68.7 (s) | 108 (s) | 184.0 |
| 54 Xe ซีนอน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 83 | 92 | 103 | 117 | 137 | 165 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -190 (s) | -181 (s) | -170 (s) | -155.8 (s) | -136.6 (s) | -108.4 |
| 55 Cs ซีเซียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 418 | 469 | 534 | 623 | 750 | 940 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 144.5 | 195.6 | 260.9 | 350.0 | 477.1 | 667.0 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 9.717 - 3999 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 550 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.171 - 3830 / (T/K) | |||||
| 417.6 | 468.7 | 534.1 | ||||
| 56 Ba แบเรียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 911 | 1038 | 1185 | 1388 | 1686 | 2170 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 638 (s) | 765 | 912 | 1115 | 1413 | 1897 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 17.411 - 9690 / (T/K) - 2.2890 log (T/K) | |||||
| 911.0 | ||||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1200 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.013 - 8163 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1018.7 | 1164.0 | |||||
| 57 La แลนทานัม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | (2005) | (2208) | (2458) | (2772) | (3178) | (3726) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1732 (i) | 1935 (i) | 2185 (i) | 2499 (i) | 2905 (i) | 3453 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 12.469 - 22551 / (T/K) - 0.3142 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2450 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.917 - 21855 / (T/K) | |||||
| 2001.9 | 2203.8 | 2450.9 | ||||
| 58 Ce ซีเรียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1992 | 2194 | 2442 | 2754 | 3159 | 3705 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1719 | 1921 | 2169 | 2481 | 2886 | 3432 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 11.145 - 21752 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2450 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.617 - 21200 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1996.8 | 2204.4 | 2460.3 | ||||
| 59 Pr เพรซีโอดิเมียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1771 | 1973 | (2227) | (2571) | (3054) | (3779) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1497.7 | 1699.4 | 1954 (i) | 2298 (i) | 2781 (i) | 3506 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.865 - 18720 / (T/K) - 0.9512 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2200 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.778 - 17315 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1770.8 | 1972.5 | |||||
| 60 Nd นีโอดิเมียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1595 | 1774 | 1998 | (2296) | (2715) | (3336) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1322.3 | 1501.2 | 1725.3 | 2023 (i) | 2442 (i) | 3063 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.002 - 17264 / (T/K) - 0.9519 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2000 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.918 - 15824 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1595.5 | 1774.4 | 1998.5 | ||||
| 62 Sm ซาแมเรียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1001 | 1106 | 1240 | (1421) | (1675) | (2061) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 728 (s) | 833 (s) | 967 (s) | 1148 (i) | 1402 (i) | 1788 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.994 - 11034 / (T/K) - 1.3287 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1002.5 | 1109.2 | 1242.2 | ||||
| 63 Eu ยูโรเพียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 863 | 957 | 1072 | 1234 | 1452 | 1796 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 590 (s) | 684 (s) | 799 (s) | 961 | 1179 | 1523 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.246 - 9459 / (T/K) - 1.1661 log (T/K) | |||||
| 874.6 | 968.8 | 1086.5 | ||||
| 64 Gd แกโดลิเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | (1836) | (2028) | (2267) | (2573) | (2976) | (3535) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1563 (i) | 1755 (i) | 1994 (i) | 2300 (i) | 2703 (i) | 3262 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.350 - 20861 / (T/K) - 0.5775 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2250 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.563 - 19389 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1835.6 | 2027.5 | 2264.3 | ||||
| 65 Tb เทอร์เบียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1789 | 1979 | (2201) | (2505) | (2913) | (3491) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1516.1 | 1706.1 | 1928 (i) | 2232 (i) | 2640 (i) | 3218 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.516 - 20457 / (T/K) - 0.9247 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2200 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.417 - 18639 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1789.3 | 1979.3 | 2214.4 | ||||
| 66 Dy ดิสโพรเซียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1378 | 1523 | (1704) | (1954) | (2304) | (2831) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1105 (s) | 1250 (s) | 1431 (i) | 1681 (i) | 2031 (i) | 2558 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.585 - 15336 / (T/K) - 1.1114 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1382.3 | 1526.5 | |||||
| 67 Ho โฮลเมียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1432 | 1584 | (1775) | (2040) | (2410) | (2964) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1159 (s) | 1311 (s) | 1502 (i) | 1767 (i) | 2137 (i) | 2691 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.791 - 15899 / (T/K) - 1.1753 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1434.8 | 1585.2 | |||||
| 68 Er เออร์เบียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1504 | 1663 | (1885) | (2163) | (2552) | (3132) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1231 (s) | 1390 (s) | 1612 (i) | 1890 (i) | 2279 (i) | 2859 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.922 - 16642 / (T/K) - 1.2154 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1504.7 | 1663.0 | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1900 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.674 - 14380 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1873.9 | ||||||
| 69 Tm ทูเลียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1117 | 1235 | 1381 | 1570 | (1821) | (2217) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 844 (s) | 962 (s) | 1108 (s) | 1297 (s) | 1548 (i) | 1944 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 1400 K: log (P/Pa) = 13.888 - 12270 / (T/K) - 0.9564 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1118.3 | 1235.5 | 1381.0 | ||||
| 70 Yb อิตเทอร์เบียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 736 | 813 | 910 | 1047 | (1266) | (1465) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 463 (s) | 540 (s) | 637 (s) | 774 (s) | 993 (i) | 1192 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 900 K: log (P/Pa) = 14.117 - 8111 / (T/K) - 1.0849 log (T/K) | |||||
| 737.0 | 814.4 | |||||
| 71 Lu ลูทีเชียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1906 | 2103 | 2346 | (2653) | (3072) | (3663) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1633 (s) | 1829.8 | 2072.8 | 2380 (i) | 2799 (i) | 3390 (i) |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.799 - 22423 / (T/K) - 0.6200 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1905.9 | ||||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2350 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.654 - 20302 / (T/K) | |||||
| 2103.0 | 2346.0 | |||||
| 72 Hf แฮฟเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2689 | 2954 | 3277 | 3679 | 4194 | 4876 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2416 | 2681 | 3004 | 3406 | 3921 | 4603 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.451 - 32482 / (T/K) - 0.6735 log (T/K) | |||||
| 73 Ta แทนทาลัม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 3297 | 3597 | 3957 | 4395 | 4939 | 5634 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 3024 | 3324 | 3684 | 4122 | 4666 | 5361 |
| CR2 | solid, 248 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 21.813 - 41346 / (T/K) - 3.2152 log (T/K) + 0.7437 (T/K)-3 | |||||
| 74 W ทังสเตน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 3477 | 3773 | 4137 | 4579 | 5127 | 5823 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 3204 (s) | 3500 | 3864 | 4306 | 4854 | 5550 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 2350 K: log (P/Pa) = 7.951 - 44094 / (T/K) + 1.3677 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | solid, 2200 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = -49.521 - 57687 / (T/K) - 12.2231 log (T/K) | |||||
| 75 Re รีเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 3303 | 3614 | 4009 | 4500 | 5127 | 5954 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 3030 (s) | 3341 | 3736 | 4227 | 4854 | 5681 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 16.549 - 40726 / (T/K) - 1.1629 log (T/K) | |||||
| 76 Os ออสเมียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 3160 | 3423 | 3751 | 4148 | 4638 | 5256 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2887 (s) | 3150 | 3478 | 3875 | 4365 | 4983 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 14.425 - 41198 / (T/K) - 0.3896 log (T/K) | |||||
| 77 Ir อิริเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2713 | 2957 | 3252 | 3614 | 4069 | 4659 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2440 (s) | 2684 | 2979 | 3341 | 3796 | 4386 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 15.512 - 35099 / (T/K) - 0.7500 log (T/K) | |||||
| 78 Pt แพลทินัม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2330 | (2550) | 2815 | 3143 | 3556 | 4094 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2057 | 2277 (e) | 2542 | 2870 | 3283 | 3821 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 9.888 - 29387 / (T/K) + 1.1039 log (T/K) - 0.4527 (T/K)-3 | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.392 - 26856 / (T/K) | |||||
| 2357.4 | ||||||
| 79 Au ทอง | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1646 | 1814 | 2021 | 2281 | 2620 | 3078 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1373 | 1541 | 1748 | 2008 | 2347 | 2805 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 14.158 - 19343 / (T/K) - 0.7479 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2050 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.838 - 18024 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1663.0 | 1832.1 | 2039.4 | ||||
| 80 Hg ปรอท | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 315 | 350 | 393 | 449 | 523 | 629 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 42.0 | 76.6 | 120.0 | 175.6 | 250.3 | 355.9 |
| CR2 | liquid, 298 K to 400 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.122 - 3190 / (T/K) | |||||
| 315.2 | 349.7 | 392.8 | ||||
| 81 Tl แทลเลียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 882 | 977 | 1097 | 1252 | 1461 | 1758 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 609 | 704 | 824 | 979 | 1188 | 1485 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.977 - 9447 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1100 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.265 - 9037 / (T/K) | |||||
| 880.4 | 975.4 | 1093.4 | ||||
| 82 Pb ตะกั่ว | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 978 | 1088 | 1229 | 1412 | 1660 | 2027 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 705 | 815 | 956 | 1139 | 1387 | 1754 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 10.649 - 10143 / (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 1200 K: log (P/Pa) = 9.917 - 9701 / (T/K) | |||||
| 978.2 | 1087.9 | |||||
| 83 Bi บิสมัท | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 941 | 1041 | 1165 | 1325 | 1538 | 1835 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 668 | 768 | 892 | 1052 | 1265 | 1562 |
| 84 Po พอโลเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | (846) | 1003 | 1236 | |||
| CRC (T/°C) | 573 (e) | 730.2 | 963.3 | |||
| 85 At แอสทาทีน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 361 | 392 | 429 | 475 | 531 | 607 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 88 (s) | 119 (s) | 156 (s) | 202 (s) | 258 (s) | 334 |
| 86 Rn เรดอน | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 110 | 121 | 134 | 152 | 176 | 211 |
| CRC (T/°C) | -163 (s) | -152 (s) | -139 (s) | -121.4 (s) | -97.6 (s) | -62.3 |
| 87 Fr แฟรนเซียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | (404) | (454) | (519) | (608) | (738) | (946) |
| CRC (T/°C) | 131 (e) | 181 (e) | 246 (e) | 335 (e) | 465 (e) | 673 (e) |
| 88 Ra เรเดียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 819 | 906 | 1037 | 1209 | 1446 | 1799 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 546 (s) | 633 (s) | 764 | 936 | 1173 | 1526 |
| 90 Th ทอเรียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2633 | 2907 | 3248 | 3683 | 4259 | 5055 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2360 | 2634 | 2975 | 3410 | 3986 | 4782 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.674 - 31483 / (T/K) - 0.5288 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = -13.447 - 24569 / (T/K) + 6.6473 log (T/K) | |||||
| 91 Pa โพรแทกทิเนียม | ||||||
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 15.558 - 34869 / (T/K) - 1.0075 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 11.183 - 32874 / (T/K) | |||||
| 92 U ยูเรเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2325 | 2564 | 2859 | 3234 | 3727 | 4402 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 2052 | 2291 | 2586 | 2961 | 3454 | 4129 |
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 5.776 - 27729 / (T/K) + 2.6982 log (T/K) - 1.5471 (T/K)-3 | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 25.741 - 28776 / (T/K) - 4.0962 log (T/K) | |||||
| 2422.6 | ||||||
| 93 Np เนปทูเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 2194 | 2437 | ||||
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 24.649 - 24886 / (T/K) - 3.9991 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2500 K: log (P/Pa) = 15.082 - 23378 / (T/K) - 1.3250 log (T/K) | |||||
| 2194.1 | 2436.6 | |||||
| 94 Pu พลูโทเนียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1756 | 1953 | 2198 | 2511 | 2926 | 3499 |
| CRC (T/°C) | 1483 | 1680 | 1925 | 2238 | 2653 | 3226 |
| CR2 | solid, 500 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 23.864 - 18460 / (T/K) - 4.4720 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to 600 K: log (P/Pa) = 31.166 - 19162 / (T/K) - 6.6675 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2450 K: log (P/Pa) = 8.672 - 16658 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1920.9 | 2171.3 | |||||
| 95 Am อะเมริเซียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1239 | 1356 | ||||
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 16.317 - 15059 / (T/K) - 1.3449 log (T/K) | |||||
| 1238.7 | 1356.1 | |||||
| 96 Cm คูเรียม | ||||||
| use (T/K) | 1788 | 1982 | ||||
| CR2 | solid, 298 K to m.p.: log (P/Pa) = 13.375 - 20364 / (T/K) - 0.5770 log (T/K) | |||||
| CR2 | liquid, m.p. to 2200 K: log (P/Pa) = 10.229 - 18292 / (T/K) | |||||
| 1788.2 | 1982.0 | |||||
Notes
- Values are given in terms of temperature necessary to reach the specified pressure.
- Ref. CRC: Uncertainties of several degrees should generally be assumed. (e) Indicates extrapolated values beyond the region of experimental data, subject to greater uncertainty. (i) Indicates values calculated from ideal gas thermodynamic functions. (s) Indicates the substance is solid at this temperature.
- Ref. CR2: The equations reproduce the observed pressures to an accuracy of ±5% or better.
- A conversion factor of log 101325 is included into the original first coefficient of the equations on this page to provide the pressure in pascals. Valid results within the quoted ranges from most equations are included in the table for comparison.
References
CRC
As quoted from various sources in an online version of:
- David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Vapor Pressure
CR2
Vapor pressure equation and coefficients from this source in an online version of: David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Vapor Pressure of the Metallic Elements
- Alcock, C. B., Itkin, V. P., and Horrigan, M. K., Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 23, 309, 1984.
